githubFork/roundcubemail.git

			@@ -1,4325 +1,4270 @@
			<?php
			// vim: set et ts=4 sw=4 fdm=marker:
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			// \| PHP versions 4 and 5 \|
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			// \| Copyright (c) 1998-2007 Manuel Lemos, Tomas V.V.Cox, \|
			// \| Stig. S. Bakken, Lukas Smith \|
			// \| All rights reserved. \|
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			// \| MDB2 is a merge of PEAR DB and Metabases that provides a unified DB \|
			// \| API as well as database abstraction for PHP applications. \|
			// \| This LICENSE is in the BSD license style. \|
			// \| \|
			// \| Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without \|
			// \| modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions \|
			// \| are met: \|
			// \| \|
			// \| Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright \|
			// \| notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. \|
			// \| \|
			// \| Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright \|
			// \| notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the \|
			// \| documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. \|
			// \| \|
			// \| Neither the name of Manuel Lemos, Tomas V.V.Cox, Stig. S. Bakken, \|
			// \| Lukas Smith nor the names of his contributors may be used to endorse \|
			// \| or promote products derived from this software without specific prior\|
			// \| written permission. \|
			// \| \|
			// \| THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS \|
			// \| "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT \|
			// \| LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS \|
			// \| FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE \|
			// \| REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, \|
			// \| INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, \|
			// \| BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS\|
			// \| OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED \|
			// \| AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT \|
			// \| LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY\|
			// \| WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE \|
			// \| POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. \|
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			// \| Author: Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org> \|
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			//
			// $Id: MDB2.php,v 1.318 2008/03/08 14:18:38 quipo Exp $
			//

			/**
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/

			require_once 'PEAR.php';

			// {{{ Error constants

			/**
			* The method mapErrorCode in each MDB2_dbtype implementation maps
			* native error codes to one of these.
			*
			* If you add an error code here, make sure you also add a textual
			* version of it in MDB2::errorMessage().
			*/

			define('MDB2_OK', true);
			define('MDB2_ERROR', -1);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX', -2);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT', -3);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND', -4);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS', -5);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED', -6);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_MISMATCH', -7);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INVALID', -8);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOT_CAPABLE', -9);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED', -10);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_NUMBER', -11);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_DATE', -12);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_DIVZERO', -13);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NODBSELECTED', -14);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_CREATE', -15);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_DELETE', -16);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_DROP', -17);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHTABLE', -18);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHFIELD', -19);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NEED_MORE_DATA', -20);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOT_LOCKED', -21);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_VALUE_COUNT_ON_ROW', -22);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_DSN', -23);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CONNECT_FAILED', -24);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_FOUND',-25);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHDB', -26);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_ACCESS_VIOLATION', -27);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_REPLACE', -28);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT_NOT_NULL',-29);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_DEADLOCK', -30);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_ALTER', -31);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_MANAGER', -32);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_MANAGER_PARSE', -33);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_LOADMODULE', -34);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_DATA', -35);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NO_PERMISSION', -36);

			// }}}
			// {{{ Verbose constants
			/**
			* These are just helper constants to more verbosely express parameters to prepare()
			*/

			define('MDB2_PREPARE_MANIP', false);
			define('MDB2_PREPARE_RESULT', null);

			// }}}
			// {{{ Fetchmode constants

			/**
			* This is a special constant that tells MDB2 the user hasn't specified
			* any particular get mode, so the default should be used.
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT', 0);

			/**
			* Column data indexed by numbers, ordered from 0 and up
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED', 1);

			/**
			* Column data indexed by column names
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC', 2);

			/**
			* Column data as object properties
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT', 3);

			/**
			* For multi-dimensional results: normally the first level of arrays
			* is the row number, and the second level indexed by column number or name.
			* MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED switches this order, so the first level of arrays
			* is the column name, and the second level the row number.
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED', 4);

			// }}}
			// {{{ Portability mode constants

			/**
			* Portability: turn off all portability features.
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_NONE', 0);

			/**
			* Portability: convert names of tables and fields to case defined in the
			* "field_case" option when using the query(), fetch() and tableInfo() methods.
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE', 1);

			/**
			* Portability: right trim the data output by query() and fetch().
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM', 2);

			/**
			* Portability: force reporting the number of rows deleted.
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_DELETE_COUNT', 4);

			/**
			* Portability: not needed in MDB2 (just left here for compatibility to DB)
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_NUMROWS', 8);

			/**
			* Portability: makes certain error messages in certain drivers compatible
			* with those from other DBMS's.
			*
			* + mysql, mysqli: change unique/primary key constraints
			* MDB2_ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS -> MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT
			*
			* + odbc(access): MS's ODBC driver reports 'no such field' as code
			* 07001, which means 'too few parameters.' When this option is on
			* that code gets mapped to MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHFIELD.
			*
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_ERRORS', 16);

			/**
			* Portability: convert empty values to null strings in data output by
			* query() and fetch().
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL', 32);

			/**
			* Portability: removes database/table qualifiers from associative indexes
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES', 64);

			/**
			* Portability: turn on all portability features.
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_ALL', 127);

			// }}}
			// {{{ Globals for class instance tracking

			/**
			* These are global variables that are used to track the various class instances
			*/

			$GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'] = array();
			$GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'] = array(
			'phptype' => false,
			'dbsyntax' => false,
			'username' => false,
			'password' => false,
			'protocol' => false,
			'hostspec' => false,
			'port' => false,
			'socket' => false,
			'database' => false,
			'mode' => false,
			);

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2

			/**
			* The main 'MDB2' class is simply a container class with some static
			* methods for creating DB objects as well as some utility functions
			* common to all parts of DB.
			*
			* The object model of MDB2 is as follows (indentation means inheritance):
			*
			* MDB2 The main MDB2 class. This is simply a utility class
			* with some 'static' methods for creating MDB2 objects as
			* well as common utility functions for other MDB2 classes.
			*
			* MDB2_Driver_Common The base for each MDB2 implementation. Provides default
			* \| implementations (in OO lingo virtual methods) for
			* \| the actual DB implementations as well as a bunch of
			* \| query utility functions.
			* \|
			* +-MDB2_Driver_mysql The MDB2 implementation for MySQL. Inherits MDB2_Driver_Common.
			* When calling MDB2::factory or MDB2::connect for MySQL
			* connections, the object returned is an instance of this
			* class.
			* +-MDB2_Driver_pgsql The MDB2 implementation for PostGreSQL. Inherits MDB2_Driver_Common.
			* When calling MDB2::factory or MDB2::connect for PostGreSQL
			* connections, the object returned is an instance of this
			* class.
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2
			{
			// {{{ function setOptions(&$db, $options)

			/**
			* set option array in an exiting database object
			*
			* @param MDB2_Driver_Common MDB2 object
			* @param array An associative array of option names and their values.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or a PEAR Error object
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setOptions(&$db, $options)
			{
			if (is_array($options)) {
			foreach ($options as $option => $value) {
			$test = $db->setOption($option, $value);
			if (PEAR::isError($test)) {
			return $test;
			}
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function classExists($classname)

			/**
			* Checks if a class exists without triggering __autoload
			*
			* @param string classname
			*
			* @return bool true success and false on error
			* @static
			* @access public
			*/
			function classExists($classname)
			{
			if (version_compare(phpversion(), "5.0", ">=")) {
			return class_exists($classname, false);
			}
			return class_exists($classname);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function loadClass($class_name, $debug)

			/**
			* Loads a PEAR class.
			*
			* @param string classname to load
			* @param bool if errors should be suppressed
			*
			* @return mixed true success or PEAR_Error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function loadClass($class_name, $debug)
			{
			if (!MDB2::classExists($class_name)) {
			$file_name = str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $class_name).'.php';
			if ($debug) {
			$include = include_once($file_name);
			} else {
			$include = @include_once($file_name);
			}
			if (!$include) {
			if (!MDB2::fileExists($file_name)) {
			$msg = "unable to find package '$class_name' file '$file_name'";
			} else {
			$msg = "unable to load class '$class_name' from file '$file_name'";
			}
			$err =& MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null, $msg);
			return $err;
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &factory($dsn, $options = false)

			/**
			* Create a new MDB2 object for the specified database type
			*
			* IMPORTANT: In order for MDB2 to work properly it is necessary that
			* you make sure that you work with a reference of the original
			* object instead of a copy (this is a PHP4 quirk).
			*
			* For example:
			* $db =& MDB2::factory($dsn);
			* ^^
			* And not:
			* $db = MDB2::factory($dsn);
			*
			* @param mixed 'data source name', see the MDB2::parseDSN
			* method for a description of the dsn format.
			* Can also be specified as an array of the
			* format returned by MDB2::parseDSN.
			* @param array An associative array of option names and
			* their values.
			*
			* @return mixed a newly created MDB2 object, or false on error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function &factory($dsn, $options = false)
			{
			$dsninfo = MDB2::parseDSN($dsn);
			if (empty($dsninfo['phptype'])) {
			$err =& MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
			null, null, 'no RDBMS driver specified');
			return $err;
			}
			$class_name = 'MDB2_Driver_'.$dsninfo['phptype'];

			$debug = (!empty($options['debug']));
			$err = MDB2::loadClass($class_name, $debug);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}

			$db =& new $class_name();
			$db->setDSN($dsninfo);
			$err = MDB2::setOptions($db, $options);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}

			return $db;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &connect($dsn, $options = false)

			/**
			* Create a new MDB2 connection object and connect to the specified
			* database
			*
			* IMPORTANT: In order for MDB2 to work properly it is necessary that
			* you make sure that you work with a reference of the original
			* object instead of a copy (this is a PHP4 quirk).
			*
			* For example:
			* $db =& MDB2::connect($dsn);
			* ^^
			* And not:
			* $db = MDB2::connect($dsn);
			* ^^
			*
			* @param mixed 'data source name', see the MDB2::parseDSN
			* method for a description of the dsn format.
			* Can also be specified as an array of the
			* format returned by MDB2::parseDSN.
			* @param array An associative array of option names and
			* their values.
			*
			* @return mixed a newly created MDB2 connection object, or a MDB2
			* error object on error
			*
			* @access public
			* @see MDB2::parseDSN
			*/
			function &connect($dsn, $options = false)
			{
			$db =& MDB2::factory($dsn, $options);
			if (PEAR::isError($db)) {
			return $db;
			}

			$err = $db->connect();
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			$dsn = $db->getDSN('string', 'xxx');
			$db->disconnect();
			$err->addUserInfo($dsn);
			return $err;
			}

			return $db;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &singleton($dsn = null, $options = false)

			/**
			* Returns a MDB2 connection with the requested DSN.
			* A new MDB2 connection object is only created if no object with the
			* requested DSN exists yet.
			*
			* IMPORTANT: In order for MDB2 to work properly it is necessary that
			* you make sure that you work with a reference of the original
			* object instead of a copy (this is a PHP4 quirk).
			*
			* For example:
			* $db =& MDB2::singleton($dsn);
			* ^^
			* And not:
			* $db = MDB2::singleton($dsn);
			* ^^
			*
			* @param mixed 'data source name', see the MDB2::parseDSN
			* method for a description of the dsn format.
			* Can also be specified as an array of the
			* format returned by MDB2::parseDSN.
			* @param array An associative array of option names and
			* their values.
			*
			* @return mixed a newly created MDB2 connection object, or a MDB2
			* error object on error
			*
			* @access public
			* @see MDB2::parseDSN
			*/
			function &singleton($dsn = null, $options = false)
			{
			if ($dsn) {
			$dsninfo = MDB2::parseDSN($dsn);
			$dsninfo = array_merge($GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'], $dsninfo);
			$keys = array_keys($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']);
			for ($i=0, $j=count($keys); $i<$j; ++$i) {
			if (isset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$keys[$i]])) {
			$tmp_dsn = $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$keys[$i]]->getDSN('array');
			if (count(array_diff_assoc($tmp_dsn, $dsninfo)) == 0) {
			MDB2::setOptions($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$keys[$i]], $options);
			return $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$keys[$i]];
			}
			}
			}
			} elseif (is_array($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']) && reset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'])) {
			$db =& $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][key($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'])];
			return $db;
			}
			$db =& MDB2::factory($dsn, $options);
			return $db;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function areEquals()

			/**
			* It looks like there's a memory leak in array_diff() in PHP 5.1.x,
			* so use this method instead.
			* @see http://pear.php.net/bugs/bug.php?id=11790
			*
			* @param array $arr1
			* @param array $arr2
			* @return boolean
			*/
			function areEquals($arr1, $arr2)
			{
			if (count($arr1) != count($arr2)) {
			return false;
			}
			foreach (array_keys($arr1) as $k) {
			if (!array_key_exists($k, $arr2) \|\| $arr1[$k] != $arr2[$k]) {
			return false;
			}
			}
			return true;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function loadFile($file)

			/**
			* load a file (like 'Date')
			*
			* @param string name of the file in the MDB2 directory (without '.php')
			*
			* @return string name of the file that was included
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function loadFile($file)
			{
			$file_name = 'MDB2'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$file.'.php';
			if (!MDB2::fileExists($file_name)) {
			return MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'unable to find: '.$file_name);
			}
			if (!include_once($file_name)) {
			return MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'unable to load driver class: '.$file_name);
			}
			return $file_name;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function apiVersion()

			/**
			* Return the MDB2 API version
			*
			* @return string the MDB2 API version number
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function apiVersion()
			{
			return '2.5.0b1';
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &raiseError($code = null, $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)

			/**
			* This method is used to communicate an error and invoke error
			* callbacks etc. Basically a wrapper for PEAR::raiseError
			* without the message string.
			*
			* @param mixed int error code
			*
			* @param int error mode, see PEAR_Error docs
			*
			* @param mixed If error mode is PEAR_ERROR_TRIGGER, this is the
			* error level (E_USER_NOTICE etc). If error mode is
			* PEAR_ERROR_CALLBACK, this is the callback function,
			* either as a function name, or as an array of an
			* object and method name. For other error modes this
			* parameter is ignored.
			*
			* @param string Extra debug information. Defaults to the last
			* query and native error code.
			*
			* @return PEAR_Error instance of a PEAR Error object
			*
			* @access private
			* @see PEAR_Error
			*/
			function &raiseError($code = null,
			$mode = null,
			$options = null,
			$userinfo = null,
			$dummy1 = null,
			$dummy2 = null,
			$dummy3 = false)
			{
			$err =& PEAR::raiseError(null, $code, $mode, $options, $userinfo, 'MDB2_Error', true);
			return $err;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isError($data, $code = null)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 error.
			*
			* @param mixed the value to test
			* @param int if is an error object, return true
			* only if $code is a string and
			* $db->getMessage() == $code or
			* $code is an integer and $db->getCode() == $code
			*
			* @return bool true if parameter is an error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function isError($data, $code = null)
			{
			if (is_a($data, 'MDB2_Error')) {
			if (is_null($code)) {
			return true;
			} elseif (is_string($code)) {
			return $data->getMessage() === $code;
			} else {
			$code = (array)$code;
			return in_array($data->getCode(), $code);
			}
			}
			return false;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isConnection($value)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 connection
			*
			* @param mixed value to test
			*
			* @return bool whether $value is a MDB2 connection
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function isConnection($value)
			{
			return is_a($value, 'MDB2_Driver_Common');
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isResult($value)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 result
			*
			* @param mixed value to test
			*
			* @return bool whether $value is a MDB2 result
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function isResult($value)
			{
			return is_a($value, 'MDB2_Result');
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isResultCommon($value)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 result implementing the common interface
			*
			* @param mixed value to test
			*
			* @return bool whether $value is a MDB2 result implementing the common interface
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function isResultCommon($value)
			{
			return is_a($value, 'MDB2_Result_Common');
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isStatement($value)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 statement interface
			*
			* @param mixed value to test
			*
			* @return bool whether $value is a MDB2 statement interface
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function isStatement($value)
			{
			return is_a($value, 'MDB2_Statement_Common');
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function errorMessage($value = null)

			/**
			* Return a textual error message for a MDB2 error code
			*
			* @param int\|array integer error code,
			null to get the current error code-message map,
			or an array with a new error code-message map
			*
			* @return string error message, or false if the error code was
			* not recognized
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function errorMessage($value = null)
			{
			static $errorMessages;

			if (is_array($value)) {
			$errorMessages = $value;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			if (!isset($errorMessages)) {
			$errorMessages = array(
			MDB2_OK => 'no error',
			MDB2_ERROR => 'unknown error',
			MDB2_ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS => 'already exists',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_CREATE => 'can not create',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_ALTER => 'can not alter',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_REPLACE => 'can not replace',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_DELETE => 'can not delete',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_DROP => 'can not drop',
			MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT => 'constraint violation',
			MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT_NOT_NULL=> 'null value violates not-null constraint',
			MDB2_ERROR_DIVZERO => 'division by zero',
			MDB2_ERROR_INVALID => 'invalid',
			MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_DATE => 'invalid date or time',
			MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_NUMBER => 'invalid number',
			MDB2_ERROR_MISMATCH => 'mismatch',
			MDB2_ERROR_NODBSELECTED => 'no database selected',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHFIELD => 'no such field',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHTABLE => 'no such table',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOT_CAPABLE => 'MDB2 backend not capable',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND => 'not found',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOT_LOCKED => 'not locked',
			MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX => 'syntax error',
			MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED => 'not supported',
			MDB2_ERROR_VALUE_COUNT_ON_ROW => 'value count on row',
			MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_DSN => 'invalid DSN',
			MDB2_ERROR_CONNECT_FAILED => 'connect failed',
			MDB2_ERROR_NEED_MORE_DATA => 'insufficient data supplied',
			MDB2_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_FOUND=> 'extension not found',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHDB => 'no such database',
			MDB2_ERROR_ACCESS_VIOLATION => 'insufficient permissions',
			MDB2_ERROR_LOADMODULE => 'error while including on demand module',
			MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED => 'truncated',
			MDB2_ERROR_DEADLOCK => 'deadlock detected',
			MDB2_ERROR_NO_PERMISSION => 'no permission',
			);
			}

			if (is_null($value)) {
			return $errorMessages;
			}

			if (PEAR::isError($value)) {
			$value = $value->getCode();
			}

			return isset($errorMessages[$value]) ?
			$errorMessages[$value] : $errorMessages[MDB2_ERROR];
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function parseDSN($dsn)

			/**
			* Parse a data source name.
			*
			* Additional keys can be added by appending a URI query string to the
			* end of the DSN.
			*
			* The format of the supplied DSN is in its fullest form:
			* <code>
			* phptype(dbsyntax)://username:password@protocol+hostspec/database?option=8&another=true
			* </code>
			*
			* Most variations are allowed:
			* <code>
			* phptype://username:password@protocol+hostspec:110//usr/db_file.db?mode=0644
			* phptype://username:password@hostspec/database_name
			* phptype://username:password@hostspec
			* phptype://username@hostspec
			* phptype://hostspec/database
			* phptype://hostspec
			* phptype(dbsyntax)
			* phptype
			* </code>
			*
			* @param string Data Source Name to be parsed
			*
			* @return array an associative array with the following keys:
			* + phptype: Database backend used in PHP (mysql, odbc etc.)
			* + dbsyntax: Database used with regards to SQL syntax etc.
			* + protocol: Communication protocol to use (tcp, unix etc.)
			* + hostspec: Host specification (hostname[:port])
			* + database: Database to use on the DBMS server
			* + username: User name for login
			* + password: Password for login
			*
			* @access public
			* @author Tomas V.V.Cox <cox@idecnet.com>
			*/
			function parseDSN($dsn)
			{
			$parsed = $GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'];

			if (is_array($dsn)) {
			$dsn = array_merge($parsed, $dsn);
			if (!$dsn['dbsyntax']) {
			$dsn['dbsyntax'] = $dsn['phptype'];
			}
			return $dsn;
			}

			// Find phptype and dbsyntax
			if (($pos = strpos($dsn, '://')) !== false) {
			$str = substr($dsn, 0, $pos);
			$dsn = substr($dsn, $pos + 3);
			} else {
			$str = $dsn;
			$dsn = null;
			}

			// Get phptype and dbsyntax
			// $str => phptype(dbsyntax)
			if (preg_match('\|^(.+?)$(.*?)$$\|', $str, $arr)) {
			$parsed['phptype'] = $arr[1];
			$parsed['dbsyntax'] = !$arr[2] ? $arr[1] : $arr[2];
			} else {
			$parsed['phptype'] = $str;
			$parsed['dbsyntax'] = $str;
			}

			if (!count($dsn)) {
			return $parsed;
			}

			// Get (if found): username and password
			// $dsn => username:password@protocol+hostspec/database
			if (($at = strrpos($dsn,'@')) !== false) {
			$str = substr($dsn, 0, $at);
			$dsn = substr($dsn, $at + 1);
			if (($pos = strpos($str, ':')) !== false) {
			$parsed['username'] = rawurldecode(substr($str, 0, $pos));
			$parsed['password'] = rawurldecode(substr($str, $pos + 1));
			} else {
			$parsed['username'] = rawurldecode($str);
			}
			}

			// Find protocol and hostspec

			// $dsn => proto(proto_opts)/database
			if (preg_match('\|^([^(]+)$(.?)$/?(.?)$\|', $dsn, $match)) {
			$proto = $match[1];
			$proto_opts = $match[2] ? $match[2] : false;
			$dsn = $match[3];

			// $dsn => protocol+hostspec/database (old format)
			} else {
			if (strpos($dsn, '+') !== false) {
			list($proto, $dsn) = explode('+', $dsn, 2);
			}
			if ( strpos($dsn, '//') === 0
			&& strpos($dsn, '/', 2) !== false
			&& $parsed['phptype'] == 'oci8'
			) {
			//oracle's "Easy Connect" syntax:
			//"username/password@[//]host[:port][/service_name]"
			//e.g. "scott/tiger@//mymachine:1521/oracle"
			$proto_opts = $dsn;
			$dsn = substr($proto_opts, strrpos($proto_opts, '/') + 1);
			} elseif (strpos($dsn, '/') !== false) {
			list($proto_opts, $dsn) = explode('/', $dsn, 2);
			} else {
			$proto_opts = $dsn;
			$dsn = null;
			}
			}

			// process the different protocol options
			$parsed['protocol'] = (!empty($proto)) ? $proto : 'tcp';
			$proto_opts = rawurldecode($proto_opts);
			if (strpos($proto_opts, ':') !== false) {
			list($proto_opts, $parsed['port']) = explode(':', $proto_opts);
			}
			if ($parsed['protocol'] == 'tcp') {
			$parsed['hostspec'] = $proto_opts;
			} elseif ($parsed['protocol'] == 'unix') {
			$parsed['socket'] = $proto_opts;
			}

			// Get dabase if any
			// $dsn => database
			if ($dsn) {
			// /database
			if (($pos = strpos($dsn, '?')) === false) {
			$parsed['database'] = $dsn;
			// /database?param1=value1&param2=value2
			} else {
			$parsed['database'] = substr($dsn, 0, $pos);
			$dsn = substr($dsn, $pos + 1);
			if (strpos($dsn, '&') !== false) {
			$opts = explode('&', $dsn);
			} else { // database?param1=value1
			$opts = array($dsn);
			}
			foreach ($opts as $opt) {
			list($key, $value) = explode('=', $opt);
			if (!isset($parsed[$key])) {
			// don't allow params overwrite
			$parsed[$key] = rawurldecode($value);
			}
			}
			}
			}

			return $parsed;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function fileExists($file)

			/**
			* Checks if a file exists in the include path
			*
			* @param string filename
			*
			* @return bool true success and false on error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function fileExists($file)
			{
			// safe_mode does notwork with is_readable()
			if (!@ini_get('safe_mode')) {
			$dirs = explode(PATH_SEPARATOR, ini_get('include_path'));
			foreach ($dirs as $dir) {
			if (is_readable($dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file)) {
			return true;
			}
			}
			} else {
			$fp = @fopen($file, 'r', true);
			if (is_resource($fp)) {
			@fclose($fp);
			return true;
			}
			}
			return false;
			}
			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Error extends PEAR_Error

			/**
			* MDB2_Error implements a class for reporting portable database error
			* messages.
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Stig Bakken <ssb@fast.no>
			*/
			class MDB2_Error extends PEAR_Error
			{
			// {{{ constructor: function MDB2_Error($code = MDB2_ERROR, $mode = PEAR_ERROR_RETURN, $level = E_USER_NOTICE, $debuginfo = null)

			/**
			* MDB2_Error constructor.
			*
			* @param mixed MDB2 error code, or string with error message.
			* @param int what 'error mode' to operate in
			* @param int what error level to use for $mode & PEAR_ERROR_TRIGGER
			* @param mixed additional debug info, such as the last query
			*/
			function MDB2_Error($code = MDB2_ERROR, $mode = PEAR_ERROR_RETURN,
			$level = E_USER_NOTICE, $debuginfo = null, $dummy = null)
			{
			if (is_null($code)) {
			$code = MDB2_ERROR;
			}
			$this->PEAR_Error('MDB2 Error: '.MDB2::errorMessage($code), $code,
			$mode, $level, $debuginfo);
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Driver_Common extends PEAR

			/**
			* MDB2_Driver_Common: Base class that is extended by each MDB2 driver
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Driver_Common extends PEAR
			{
			// {{{ Variables (Properties)

			/**
			* index of the MDB2 object within the $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'] array
			* @var int
			* @access public
			*/
			var $db_index = 0;

			/**
			* DSN used for the next query
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $dsn = array();

			/**
			* DSN that was used to create the current connection
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $connected_dsn = array();

			/**
			* connection resource
			* @var mixed
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $connection = 0;

			/**
			* if the current opened connection is a persistent connection
			* @var bool
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $opened_persistent;

			/**
			* the name of the database for the next query
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $database_name = '';

			/**
			* the name of the database currently selected
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $connected_database_name = '';

			/**
			* server version information
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $connected_server_info = '';

			/**
			* list of all supported features of the given driver
			* @var array
			* @access public
			*/
			var $supported = array(
			'sequences' => false,
			'indexes' => false,
			'affected_rows' => false,
			'summary_functions' => false,
			'order_by_text' => false,
			'transactions' => false,
			'savepoints' => false,
			'current_id' => false,
			'limit_queries' => false,
			'LOBs' => false,
			'replace' => false,
			'sub_selects' => false,
			'triggers' => false,
			'auto_increment' => false,
			'primary_key' => false,
			'result_introspection' => false,
			'prepared_statements' => false,
			'identifier_quoting' => false,
			'pattern_escaping' => false,
			'new_link' => false,
			);

			/**
			* Array of supported options that can be passed to the MDB2 instance.
			*
			* The options can be set during object creation, using
			* MDB2::connect(), MDB2::factory() or MDB2::singleton(). The options can
			* also be set after the object is created, using MDB2::setOptions() or
			* MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption().
			* The list of available option includes:
			* <ul>
			* <li>$options['ssl'] -> boolean: determines if ssl should be used for connections</li>
			* <li>$options['field_case'] -> CASE_LOWER\|CASE_UPPER: determines what case to force on field/table names</li>
			* <li>$options['disable_query'] -> boolean: determines if queries should be executed</li>
			* <li>$options['result_class'] -> string: class used for result sets</li>
			* <li>$options['buffered_result_class'] -> string: class used for buffered result sets</li>
			* <li>$options['result_wrap_class'] -> string: class used to wrap result sets into</li>
			* <li>$options['result_buffering'] -> boolean should results be buffered or not?</li>
			* <li>$options['fetch_class'] -> string: class to use when fetch mode object is used</li>
			* <li>$options['persistent'] -> boolean: persistent connection?</li>
			* <li>$options['debug'] -> integer: numeric debug level</li>
			* <li>$options['debug_handler'] -> string: function/method that captures debug messages</li>
			* <li>$options['debug_expanded_output'] -> bool: BC option to determine if more context information should be send to the debug handler</li>
			* <li>$options['default_text_field_length'] -> integer: default text field length to use</li>
			* <li>$options['lob_buffer_length'] -> integer: LOB buffer length</li>
			* <li>$options['log_line_break'] -> string: line-break format</li>
			* <li>$options['idxname_format'] -> string: pattern for index name</li>
			* <li>$options['seqname_format'] -> string: pattern for sequence name</li>
			* <li>$options['savepoint_format'] -> string: pattern for auto generated savepoint names</li>
			* <li>$options['statement_format'] -> string: pattern for prepared statement names</li>
			* <li>$options['seqcol_name'] -> string: sequence column name</li>
			* <li>$options['quote_identifier'] -> boolean: if identifier quoting should be done when check_option is used</li>
			* <li>$options['use_transactions'] -> boolean: if transaction use should be enabled</li>
			* <li>$options['decimal_places'] -> integer: number of decimal places to handle</li>
			* <li>$options['portability'] -> integer: portability constant</li>
			* <li>$options['modules'] -> array: short to long module name mapping for __call()</li>
			* <li>$options['emulate_prepared'] -> boolean: force prepared statements to be emulated</li>
			* <li>$options['datatype_map'] -> array: map user defined datatypes to other primitive datatypes</li>
			* <li>$options['datatype_map_callback'] -> array: callback function/method that should be called</li>
			* <li>$options['bindname_format'] -> string: regular expression pattern for named parameters
			* <li>$options['max_identifiers_length'] -> integer: max identifier length</li>
			* </ul>
			*
			* @var array
			* @access public
			* @see MDB2::connect()
			* @see MDB2::factory()
			* @see MDB2::singleton()
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			var $options = array(
			'ssl' => false,
			'field_case' => CASE_LOWER,
			'disable_query' => false,
			'result_class' => 'MDB2_Result_%s',
			'buffered_result_class' => 'MDB2_BufferedResult_%s',
			'result_wrap_class' => false,
			'result_buffering' => true,
			'fetch_class' => 'stdClass',
			'persistent' => false,
			'debug' => 0,
			'debug_handler' => 'MDB2_defaultDebugOutput',
			'debug_expanded_output' => false,
			'default_text_field_length' => 4096,
			'lob_buffer_length' => 8192,
			'log_line_break' => "\n",
			'idxname_format' => '%s_idx',
			'seqname_format' => '%s_seq',
			'savepoint_format' => 'MDB2_SAVEPOINT_%s',
			'statement_format' => 'MDB2_STATEMENT_%1$s_%2$s',
			'seqcol_name' => 'sequence',
			'quote_identifier' => false,
			'use_transactions' => true,
			'decimal_places' => 2,
			'portability' => MDB2_PORTABILITY_ALL,
			'modules' => array(
			'ex' => 'Extended',
			'dt' => 'Datatype',
			'mg' => 'Manager',
			'rv' => 'Reverse',
			'na' => 'Native',
			'fc' => 'Function',
			),
			'emulate_prepared' => false,
			'datatype_map' => array(),
			'datatype_map_callback' => array(),
			'nativetype_map_callback' => array(),
			'lob_allow_url_include' => false,
			'bindname_format' => '(?:\d+)\|(?:[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)',
			'max_identifiers_length' => 30,
			);

			/**
			* string array
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $string_quoting = array('start' => "'", 'end' => "'", 'escape' => false, 'escape_pattern' => false);

			/**
			* identifier quoting
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $identifier_quoting = array('start' => '"', 'end' => '"', 'escape' => '"');

			/**
			* sql comments
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $sql_comments = array(
			array('start' => '--', 'end' => "\n", 'escape' => false),
			array('start' => '/', 'end' => '/', 'escape' => false),
			);

			/**
			* comparision wildcards
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $wildcards = array('%', '_');

			/**
			* column alias keyword
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $as_keyword = ' AS ';

			/**
			* warnings
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $warnings = array();

			/**
			* string with the debugging information
			* @var string
			* @access public
			*/
			var $debug_output = '';

			/**
			* determine if there is an open transaction
			* @var bool
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $in_transaction = false;

			/**
			* the smart transaction nesting depth
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $nested_transaction_counter = null;

			/**
			* the first error that occured inside a nested transaction
			* @var MDB2_Error\|bool
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $has_transaction_error = false;

			/**
			* result offset used in the next query
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $offset = 0;

			/**
			* result limit used in the next query
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $limit = 0;

			/**
			* Database backend used in PHP (mysql, odbc etc.)
			* @var string
			* @access public
			*/
			var $phptype;

			/**
			* Database used with regards to SQL syntax etc.
			* @var string
			* @access public
			*/
			var $dbsyntax;

			/**
			* the last query sent to the driver
			* @var string
			* @access public
			*/
			var $last_query;

			/**
			* the default fetchmode used
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED;

			/**
			* array of module instances
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $modules = array();

			/**
			* determines of the PHP4 destructor emulation has been enabled yet
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $destructor_registered = true;

			// }}}
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct()

			/**
			* Constructor
			*/
			function __construct()
			{
			end($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']);
			$db_index = key($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']) + 1;
			$GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$db_index] = &$this;
			$this->db_index = $db_index;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function MDB2_Driver_Common()

			/**
			* PHP 4 Constructor
			*/
			function MDB2_Driver_Common()
			{
			$this->destructor_registered = false;
			$this->__construct();
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ destructor: function __destruct()

			/**
			* Destructor
			*/
			function __destruct()
			{
			$this->disconnect(false);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function free()

			/**
			* Free the internal references so that the instance can be destroyed
			*
			* @return bool true on success, false if result is invalid
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function free()
			{
			unset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$this->db_index]);
			unset($this->db_index);
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function __toString()

			/**
			* String conversation
			*
			* @return string representation of the object
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function __toString()
			{
			$info = get_class($this);
			$info.= ': (phptype = '.$this->phptype.', dbsyntax = '.$this->dbsyntax.')';
			if ($this->connection) {
			$info.= ' [connected]';
			}
			return $info;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function errorInfo($error = null)

			/**
			* This method is used to collect information about an error
			*
			* @param mixed error code or resource
			*
			* @return array with MDB2 errorcode, native error code, native message
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function errorInfo($error = null)
			{
			return array($error, null, null);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &raiseError($code = null, $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)

			/**
			* This method is used to communicate an error and invoke error
			* callbacks etc. Basically a wrapper for PEAR::raiseError
			* without the message string.
			*
			* @param mixed integer error code, or a PEAR error object (all other
			* parameters are ignored if this parameter is an object
			* @param int error mode, see PEAR_Error docs
			* @param mixed If error mode is PEAR_ERROR_TRIGGER, this is the
			* error level (E_USER_NOTICE etc). If error mode is
			* PEAR_ERROR_CALLBACK, this is the callback function,
			* either as a function name, or as an array of an
			* object and method name. For other error modes this
			* parameter is ignored.
			* @param string Extra debug information. Defaults to the last
			* query and native error code.
			* @param string name of the method that triggered the error
			*
			* @return PEAR_Error instance of a PEAR Error object
			*
			* @access public
			* @see PEAR_Error
			*/
			function &raiseError($code = null, $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null, $method = null)
			{
			$userinfo = "[Error message: $userinfo]\n";
			// The error is yet a MDB2 error object
			if (PEAR::isError($code)) {
			// because we use the static PEAR::raiseError, our global
			// handler should be used if it is set
			if (is_null($mode) && !empty($this->_default_error_mode)) {
			$mode = $this->_default_error_mode;
			$options = $this->_default_error_options;
			}
			if (is_null($userinfo)) {
			$userinfo = $code->getUserinfo();
			}
			$code = $code->getCode();
			} elseif ($code == MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND) {
			// extension not loaded: don't call $this->errorInfo() or the script
			// will die
			} elseif (isset($this->connection)) {
			if (!empty($this->last_query)) {
			$userinfo.= "[Last executed query: {$this->last_query}]\n";
			}
			$native_errno = $native_msg = null;
			list($code, $native_errno, $native_msg) = $this->errorInfo($code);
			if (!is_null($native_errno) && $native_errno !== '') {
			$userinfo.= "[Native code: $native_errno]\n";
			}
			if (!is_null($native_msg) && $native_msg !== '') {
			$userinfo.= "[Native message: ". strip_tags($native_msg) ."]\n";
			}
			if (!is_null($method)) {
			$userinfo = $method.': '.$userinfo;
			}
			}

			$err =& PEAR::raiseError(null, $code, $mode, $options, $userinfo, 'MDB2_Error', true);
			if ($err->getMode() !== PEAR_ERROR_RETURN
			&& isset($this->nested_transaction_counter) && !$this->has_transaction_error) {
			$this->has_transaction_error =& $err;
			}
			return $err;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function resetWarnings()

			/**
			* reset the warning array
			*
			* @return void
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function resetWarnings()
			{
			$this->warnings = array();
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getWarnings()

			/**
			* Get all warnings in reverse order.
			* This means that the last warning is the first element in the array
			*
			* @return array with warnings
			*
			* @access public
			* @see resetWarnings()
			*/
			function getWarnings()
			{
			return array_reverse($this->warnings);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setFetchMode($fetchmode, $object_class = 'stdClass')

			/**
			* Sets which fetch mode should be used by default on queries
			* on this connection
			*
			* @param int MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED, MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC
			* or MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT
			* @param string the class name of the object to be returned
			* by the fetch methods when the
			* MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT mode is selected.
			* If no class is specified by default a cast
			* to object from the assoc array row will be
			* done. There is also the possibility to use
			* and extend the 'MDB2_row' class.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or MDB2 Error Object
			*
			* @access public
			* @see MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED, MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC, MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT
			*/
			function setFetchMode($fetchmode, $object_class = 'stdClass')
			{
			switch ($fetchmode) {
			case MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT:
			$this->options['fetch_class'] = $object_class;
			case MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED:
			case MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC:
			$this->fetchmode = $fetchmode;
			break;
			default:
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'invalid fetchmode mode', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setOption($option, $value)

			/**
			* set the option for the db class
			*
			* @param string option name
			* @param mixed value for the option
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or MDB2 Error Object
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setOption($option, $value)
			{
			if (array_key_exists($option, $this->options)) {
			$this->options[$option] = $value;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			"unknown option $option", __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getOption($option)

			/**
			* Returns the value of an option
			*
			* @param string option name
			*
			* @return mixed the option value or error object
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getOption($option)
			{
			if (array_key_exists($option, $this->options)) {
			return $this->options[$option];
			}
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			"unknown option $option", __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function debug($message, $scope = '', $is_manip = null)

			/**
			* set a debug message
			*
			* @param string message that should be appended to the debug variable
			* @param string usually the method name that triggered the debug call:
			* for example 'query', 'prepare', 'execute', 'parameters',
			* 'beginTransaction', 'commit', 'rollback'
			* @param array contains context information about the debug() call
			* common keys are: is_manip, time, result etc.
			*
			* @return void
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function debug($message, $scope = '', $context = array())
			{
			if ($this->options['debug'] && $this->options['debug_handler']) {
			if (!$this->options['debug_expanded_output']) {
			if (!empty($context['when']) && $context['when'] !== 'pre') {
			return null;
			}
			$context = empty($context['is_manip']) ? false : $context['is_manip'];
			}
			return call_user_func_array($this->options['debug_handler'], array(&$this, $scope, $message, $context));
			}
			return null;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getDebugOutput()

			/**
			* output debug info
			*
			* @return string content of the debug_output class variable
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getDebugOutput()
			{
			return $this->debug_output;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function escape($text)

			/**
			* Quotes a string so it can be safely used in a query. It will quote
			* the text so it can safely be used within a query.
			*
			* @param string the input string to quote
			* @param bool escape wildcards
			*
			* @return string quoted string
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function escape($text, $escape_wildcards = false)
			{
			if ($escape_wildcards) {
			$text = $this->escapePattern($text);
			}

			$text = str_replace($this->string_quoting['end'], $this->string_quoting['escape'] . $this->string_quoting['end'], $text);
			return $text;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function escapePattern($text)

			/**
			* Quotes pattern (% and _) characters in a string)
			*
			* @param string the input string to quote
			*
			* @return string quoted string
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function escapePattern($text)
			{
			if ($this->string_quoting['escape_pattern']) {
			$text = str_replace($this->string_quoting['escape_pattern'], $this->string_quoting['escape_pattern'] . $this->string_quoting['escape_pattern'], $text);
			foreach ($this->wildcards as $wildcard) {
			$text = str_replace($wildcard, $this->string_quoting['escape_pattern'] . $wildcard, $text);
			}
			}
			return $text;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function quoteIdentifier($str, $check_option = false)

			/**
			* Quote a string so it can be safely used as a table or column name
			*
			* Delimiting style depends on which database driver is being used.
			*
			* NOTE: just because you CAN use delimited identifiers doesn't mean
			* you SHOULD use them. In general, they end up causing way more
			* problems than they solve.
			*
			* NOTE: if you have table names containing periods, don't use this method
			* (@see bug #11906)
			*
			* Portability is broken by using the following characters inside
			* delimited identifiers:
			* + backtick (<kbd>`</kbd>) -- due to MySQL
			* + double quote (<kbd>"</kbd>) -- due to Oracle
			* + brackets (<kbd>[</kbd> or <kbd>]</kbd>) -- due to Access
			*
			* Delimited identifiers are known to generally work correctly under
			* the following drivers:
			* + mssql
			* + mysql
			* + mysqli
			* + oci8
			* + pgsql
			* + sqlite
			*
			* InterBase doesn't seem to be able to use delimited identifiers
			* via PHP 4. They work fine under PHP 5.
			*
			* @param string identifier name to be quoted
			* @param bool check the 'quote_identifier' option
			*
			* @return string quoted identifier string
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function quoteIdentifier($str, $check_option = false)
			{
			if ($check_option && !$this->options['quote_identifier']) {
			return $str;
			}
			$str = str_replace($this->identifier_quoting['end'], $this->identifier_quoting['escape'] . $this->identifier_quoting['end'], $str);
			$parts = explode('.', $str);
			foreach (array_keys($parts) as $k) {
			$parts[$k] = $this->identifier_quoting['start'] . $parts[$k] . $this->identifier_quoting['end'];
			}
			return implode('.', $parts);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getAsKeyword()

			/**
			* Gets the string to alias column
			*
			* @return string to use when aliasing a column
			*/
			function getAsKeyword()
			{
			return $this->as_keyword;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getConnection()

			/**
			* Returns a native connection
			*
			* @return mixed a valid MDB2 connection object,
			* or a MDB2 error object on error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getConnection()
			{
			$result = $this->connect();
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			return $this->connection;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _fixResultArrayValues(&$row, $mode)

			/**
			* Do all necessary conversions on result arrays to fix DBMS quirks
			*
			* @param array the array to be fixed (passed by reference)
			* @param array bit-wise addition of the required portability modes
			*
			* @return void
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function _fixResultArrayValues(&$row, $mode)
			{
			switch ($mode) {
			case MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL:
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if ($value === '') {
			$row[$key] = null;
			}
			}
			break;
			case MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM:
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if (is_string($value)) {
			$row[$key] = rtrim($value);
			}
			}
			break;
			case MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES:
			$tmp_row = array();
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			$tmp_row[preg_replace('/^(?:.*\.)?([^.]+)$/', '\\1', $key)] = $value;
			}
			$row = $tmp_row;
			break;
			case (MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM + MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL):
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if ($value === '') {
			$row[$key] = null;
			} elseif (is_string($value)) {
			$row[$key] = rtrim($value);
			}
			}
			break;
			case (MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM + MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES):
			$tmp_row = array();
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if (is_string($value)) {
			$value = rtrim($value);
			}
			$tmp_row[preg_replace('/^(?:.*\.)?([^.]+)$/', '\\1', $key)] = $value;
			}
			$row = $tmp_row;
			break;
			case (MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL + MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES):
			$tmp_row = array();
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if ($value === '') {
			$value = null;
			}
			$tmp_row[preg_replace('/^(?:.*\.)?([^.]+)$/', '\\1', $key)] = $value;
			}
			$row = $tmp_row;
			break;
			case (MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM + MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL + MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES):
			$tmp_row = array();
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if ($value === '') {
			$value = null;
			} elseif (is_string($value)) {
			$value = rtrim($value);
			}
			$tmp_row[preg_replace('/^(?:.*\.)?([^.]+)$/', '\\1', $key)] = $value;
			}
			$row = $tmp_row;
			break;
			}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &loadModule($module, $property = null, $phptype_specific = null)

			/**
			* loads a module
			*
			* @param string name of the module that should be loaded
			* (only used for error messages)
			* @param string name of the property into which the class will be loaded
			* @param bool if the class to load for the module is specific to the
			* phptype
			*
			* @return object on success a reference to the given module is returned
			* and on failure a PEAR error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function &loadModule($module, $property = null, $phptype_specific = null)
			{
			if (!$property) {
			$property = strtolower($module);
			}

			if (!isset($this->{$property})) {
			$version = $phptype_specific;
			if ($phptype_specific !== false) {
			$version = true;
			$class_name = 'MDB2_Driver_'.$module.'_'.$this->phptype;
			$file_name = str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $class_name).'.php';
			}
			if ($phptype_specific === false
			\|\| (!MDB2::classExists($class_name) && !MDB2::fileExists($file_name))
			) {
			$version = false;
			$class_name = 'MDB2_'.$module;
			$file_name = str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $class_name).'.php';
			}

			$err = MDB2::loadClass($class_name, $this->getOption('debug'));
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}

			// load module in a specific version
			if ($version) {
			if (method_exists($class_name, 'getClassName')) {
			$class_name_new = call_user_func(array($class_name, 'getClassName'), $this->db_index);
			if ($class_name != $class_name_new) {
			$class_name = $class_name_new;
			$err = MDB2::loadClass($class_name, $this->getOption('debug'));
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}
			}
			}
			}

			if (!MDB2::classExists($class_name)) {
			$err =& $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_LOADMODULE, null, null,
			"unable to load module '$module' into property '$property'", __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			$this->{$property} = new $class_name($this->db_index);
			$this->modules[$module] =& $this->{$property};
			if ($version) {
			// this will be used in the connect method to determine if the module
			// needs to be loaded with a different version if the server
			// version changed in between connects
			$this->loaded_version_modules[] = $property;
			}
			}

			return $this->{$property};
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function __call($method, $params)

			/**
			* Calls a module method using the __call magic method
			*
			* @param string Method name.
			* @param array Arguments.
			*
			* @return mixed Returned value.
			*/
			function __call($method, $params)
			{
			$module = null;
			if (preg_match('/^([a-z]+)([A-Z])(.*)$/', $method, $match)
			&& isset($this->options['modules'][$match[1]])
			) {
			$module = $this->options['modules'][$match[1]];
			$method = strtolower($match[2]).$match[3];
			if (!isset($this->modules[$module]) \|\| !is_object($this->modules[$module])) {
			$result =& $this->loadModule($module);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			}
			} else {
			foreach ($this->modules as $key => $foo) {
			if (is_object($this->modules[$key])
			&& method_exists($this->modules[$key], $method)
			) {
			$module = $key;
			break;
			}
			}
			}
			if (!is_null($module)) {
			return call_user_func_array(array(&$this->modules[$module], $method), $params);
			}
			trigger_error(sprintf('Call to undefined function: %s::%s().', get_class($this), $method), E_USER_ERROR);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function beginTransaction($savepoint = null)

			/**
			* Start a transaction or set a savepoint.
			*
			* @param string name of a savepoint to set
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function beginTransaction($savepoint = null)
			{
			$this->debug('Starting transaction', __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => true, 'savepoint' => $savepoint));
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'transactions are not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function commit($savepoint = null)

			/**
			* Commit the database changes done during a transaction that is in
			* progress or release a savepoint. This function may only be called when
			* auto-committing is disabled, otherwise it will fail. Therefore, a new
			* transaction is implicitly started after committing the pending changes.
			*
			* @param string name of a savepoint to release
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function commit($savepoint = null)
			{
			$this->debug('Committing transaction/savepoint', __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => true, 'savepoint' => $savepoint));
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'commiting transactions is not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function rollback($savepoint = null)

			/**
			* Cancel any database changes done during a transaction or since a specific
			* savepoint that is in progress. This function may only be called when
			* auto-committing is disabled, otherwise it will fail. Therefore, a new
			* transaction is implicitly started after canceling the pending changes.
			*
			* @param string name of a savepoint to rollback to
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function rollback($savepoint = null)
			{
			$this->debug('Rolling back transaction/savepoint', __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => true, 'savepoint' => $savepoint));
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'rolling back transactions is not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function inTransaction($ignore_nested = false)

			/**
			* If a transaction is currently open.
			*
			* @param bool if the nested transaction count should be ignored
			* @return int\|bool - an integer with the nesting depth is returned if a
			* nested transaction is open
			* - true is returned for a normal open transaction
			* - false is returned if no transaction is open
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function inTransaction($ignore_nested = false)
			{
			if (!$ignore_nested && isset($this->nested_transaction_counter)) {
			return $this->nested_transaction_counter;
			}
			return $this->in_transaction;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setTransactionIsolation($isolation)

			/**
			* Set the transacton isolation level.
			*
			* @param string standard isolation level
			* READ UNCOMMITTED (allows dirty reads)
			* READ COMMITTED (prevents dirty reads)
			* REPEATABLE READ (prevents nonrepeatable reads)
			* SERIALIZABLE (prevents phantom reads)
			* @param array some transaction options:
			* 'wait' => 'WAIT' \| 'NO WAIT'
			* 'rw' => 'READ WRITE' \| 'READ ONLY'
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function setTransactionIsolation($isolation, $options = array())
			{
			$this->debug('Setting transaction isolation level', __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => true));
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'isolation level setting is not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function beginNestedTransaction($savepoint = false)

			/**
			* Start a nested transaction.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success/savepoint name, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function beginNestedTransaction()
			{
			if ($this->in_transaction) {
			++$this->nested_transaction_counter;
			$savepoint = sprintf($this->options['savepoint_format'], $this->nested_transaction_counter);
			if ($this->supports('savepoints') && $savepoint) {
			return $this->beginTransaction($savepoint);
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}
			$this->has_transaction_error = false;
			$result = $this->beginTransaction();
			$this->nested_transaction_counter = 1;
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function completeNestedTransaction($force_rollback = false, $release = false)

			/**
			* Finish a nested transaction by rolling back if an error occured or
			* committing otherwise.
			*
			* @param bool if the transaction should be rolled back regardless
			* even if no error was set within the nested transaction
			* @return mixed MDB_OK on commit/counter decrementing, false on rollback
			* and a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function completeNestedTransaction($force_rollback = false)
			{
			if ($this->nested_transaction_counter > 1) {
			$savepoint = sprintf($this->options['savepoint_format'], $this->nested_transaction_counter);
			if ($this->supports('savepoints') && $savepoint) {
			if ($force_rollback \|\| $this->has_transaction_error) {
			$result = $this->rollback($savepoint);
			if (!PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$result = false;
			$this->has_transaction_error = false;
			}
			} else {
			$result = $this->commit($savepoint);
			}
			} else {
			$result = MDB2_OK;
			}
			--$this->nested_transaction_counter;
			return $result;
			}

			$this->nested_transaction_counter = null;
			$result = MDB2_OK;

			// transaction has not yet been rolled back
			if ($this->in_transaction) {
			if ($force_rollback \|\| $this->has_transaction_error) {
			$result = $this->rollback();
			if (!PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$result = false;
			}
			} else {
			$result = $this->commit();
			}
			}
			$this->has_transaction_error = false;
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function failNestedTransaction($error = null, $immediately = false)

			/**
			* Force setting nested transaction to failed.
			*
			* @param mixed value to return in getNestededTransactionError()
			* @param bool if the transaction should be rolled back immediately
			* @return bool MDB2_OK
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function failNestedTransaction($error = null, $immediately = false)
			{
			if (is_null($error)) {
			$error = $this->has_transaction_error ? $this->has_transaction_error : true;
			} elseif (!$error) {
			$error = true;
			}
			$this->has_transaction_error = $error;
			if (!$immediately) {
			return MDB2_OK;
			}
			return $this->rollback();
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getNestedTransactionError()

			/**
			* The first error that occured since the transaction start.
			*
			* @return MDB2_Error\|bool MDB2 error object if an error occured or false.
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function getNestedTransactionError()
			{
			return $this->has_transaction_error;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ connect()

			/**
			* Connect to the database
			*
			* @return true on success, MDB2 Error Object on failure
			*/
			function connect()
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ databaseExists()

			/**
			* check if given database name is exists?
			*
			* @param string $name name of the database that should be checked
			*
			* @return mixed true/false on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			* @access public
			*/
			function databaseExists($name)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ setCharset($charset, $connection = null)

			/**
			* Set the charset on the current connection
			*
			* @param string charset
			* @param resource connection handle
			*
			* @return true on success, MDB2 Error Object on failure
			*/
			function setCharset($charset, $connection = null)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function disconnect($force = true)

			/**
			* Log out and disconnect from the database.
			*
			* @param bool if the disconnect should be forced even if the
			* connection is opened persistently
			*
			* @return mixed true on success, false if not connected and error
			* object on error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function disconnect($force = true)
			{
			$this->connection = 0;
			$this->connected_dsn = array();
			$this->connected_database_name = '';
			$this->opened_persistent = null;
			$this->connected_server_info = '';
			$this->in_transaction = null;
			$this->nested_transaction_counter = null;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setDatabase($name)

			/**
			* Select a different database
			*
			* @param string name of the database that should be selected
			*
			* @return string name of the database previously connected to
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setDatabase($name)
			{
			$previous_database_name = (isset($this->database_name)) ? $this->database_name : '';
			$this->database_name = $name;
			if (!empty($this->connected_database_name) && ($this->connected_database_name != $this->database_name)) {
			$this->disconnect(false);
			}
			return $previous_database_name;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getDatabase()

			/**
			* Get the current database
			*
			* @return string name of the database
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getDatabase()
			{
			return $this->database_name;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setDSN($dsn)

			/**
			* set the DSN
			*
			* @param mixed DSN string or array
			*
			* @return MDB2_OK
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setDSN($dsn)
			{
			$dsn_default = $GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'];
			$dsn = MDB2::parseDSN($dsn);
			if (array_key_exists('database', $dsn)) {
			$this->database_name = $dsn['database'];
			unset($dsn['database']);
			}
			$this->dsn = array_merge($dsn_default, $dsn);
			return $this->disconnect(false);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getDSN($type = 'string', $hidepw = false)

			/**
			* return the DSN as a string
			*
			* @param string format to return ("array", "string")
			* @param string string to hide the password with
			*
			* @return mixed DSN in the chosen type
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getDSN($type = 'string', $hidepw = false)
			{
			$dsn = array_merge($GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'], $this->dsn);
			$dsn['phptype'] = $this->phptype;
			$dsn['database'] = $this->database_name;
			if ($hidepw) {
			$dsn['password'] = $hidepw;
			}
			switch ($type) {
			// expand to include all possible options
			case 'string':
			$dsn = $dsn['phptype'].
			($dsn['dbsyntax'] ? ('('.$dsn['dbsyntax'].')') : '').
			'://'.$dsn['username'].':'.
			$dsn['password'].'@'.$dsn['hostspec'].
			($dsn['port'] ? (':'.$dsn['port']) : '').
			'/'.$dsn['database'];
			break;
			case 'array':
			default:
			break;
			}
			return $dsn;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &standaloneQuery($query, $types = null, $is_manip = false)

			/**
			* execute a query as database administrator
			*
			* @param string the SQL query
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the columns in
			* the result set
			* @param bool if the query is a manipulation query
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function &standaloneQuery($query, $types = null, $is_manip = false)
			{
			$offset = $this->offset;
			$limit = $this->limit;
			$this->offset = $this->limit = 0;
			$query = $this->_modifyQuery($query, $is_manip, $limit, $offset);

			$connection = $this->getConnection();
			if (PEAR::isError($connection)) {
			return $connection;
			}

			$result =& $this->_doQuery($query, $is_manip, $connection, false);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			if ($is_manip) {
			$affected_rows = $this->_affectedRows($connection, $result);
			return $affected_rows;
			}
			$result =& $this->_wrapResult($result, $types, true, false, $limit, $offset);
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _modifyQuery($query, $is_manip, $limit, $offset)

			/**
			* Changes a query string for various DBMS specific reasons
			*
			* @param string query to modify
			* @param bool if it is a DML query
			* @param int limit the number of rows
			* @param int start reading from given offset
			*
			* @return string modified query
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function _modifyQuery($query, $is_manip, $limit, $offset)
			{
			return $query;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &_doQuery($query, $is_manip = false, $connection = null, $database_name = null)

			/**
			* Execute a query
			* @param string query
			* @param bool if the query is a manipulation query
			* @param resource connection handle
			* @param string database name
			*
			* @return result or error object
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function &_doQuery($query, $is_manip = false, $connection = null, $database_name = null)
			{
			$this->last_query = $query;
			$result = $this->debug($query, 'query', array('is_manip' => $is_manip, 'when' => 'pre'));
			if ($result) {
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			$query = $result;
			}
			$err =& $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _affectedRows($connection, $result = null)

			/**
			* Returns the number of rows affected
			*
			* @param resource result handle
			* @param resource connection handle
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or the number of rows affected
			*
			* @access private
			*/
			function _affectedRows($connection, $result = null)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &exec($query)

			/**
			* Execute a manipulation query to the database and return the number of affected rows
			*
			* @param string the SQL query
			*
			* @return mixed number of affected rows on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function &exec($query)
			{
			$offset = $this->offset;
			$limit = $this->limit;
			$this->offset = $this->limit = 0;
			$query = $this->_modifyQuery($query, true, $limit, $offset);

			$connection = $this->getConnection();
			if (PEAR::isError($connection)) {
			return $connection;
			}

			$result =& $this->_doQuery($query, true, $connection, $this->database_name);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$affectedRows = $this->_affectedRows($connection, $result);
			return $affectedRows;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &query($query, $types = null, $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)

			/**
			* Send a query to the database and return any results
			*
			* @param string the SQL query
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the columns in
			* the result set
			* @param mixed string which specifies which result class to use
			* @param mixed string which specifies which class to wrap results in
			*
			* @return mixed an MDB2_Result handle on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function &query($query, $types = null, $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)
			{
			$offset = $this->offset;
			$limit = $this->limit;
			$this->offset = $this->limit = 0;
			$query = $this->_modifyQuery($query, false, $limit, $offset);

			$connection = $this->getConnection();
			if (PEAR::isError($connection)) {
			return $connection;
			}

			$result =& $this->_doQuery($query, false, $connection, $this->database_name);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$result =& $this->_wrapResult($result, $types, $result_class, $result_wrap_class, $limit, $offset);
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &_wrapResult($result, $types = array(), $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)

			/**
			* wrap a result set into the correct class
			*
			* @param resource result handle
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the columns in
			* the result set
			* @param mixed string which specifies which result class to use
			* @param mixed string which specifies which class to wrap results in
			* @param string number of rows to select
			* @param string first row to select
			*
			* @return mixed an MDB2_Result, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function &_wrapResult($result, $types = array(), $result_class = true,
			$result_wrap_class = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)
			{
			if ($types === true) {
			if ($this->supports('result_introspection')) {
			$this->loadModule('Reverse', null, true);
			$tableInfo = $this->reverse->tableInfo($result);
			if (PEAR::isError($tableInfo)) {
			return $tableInfo;
			}
			$types = array();
			foreach ($tableInfo as $field) {
			$types[] = $field['mdb2type'];
			}
			} else {
			$types = null;
			}
			}

			if ($result_class === true) {
			$result_class = $this->options['result_buffering']
			? $this->options['buffered_result_class'] : $this->options['result_class'];
			}

			if ($result_class) {
			$class_name = sprintf($result_class, $this->phptype);
			if (!MDB2::classExists($class_name)) {
			$err =& $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'result class does not exist '.$class_name, __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			$result =& new $class_name($this, $result, $limit, $offset);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			$err =& $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'result class is not extended from MDB2_Result_Common', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			if (!empty($types)) {
			$err = $result->setResultTypes($types);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			$result->free();
			return $err;
			}
			}
			}
			if ($result_wrap_class === true) {
			$result_wrap_class = $this->options['result_wrap_class'];
			}
			if ($result_wrap_class) {
			if (!MDB2::classExists($result_wrap_class)) {
			$err =& $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'result wrap class does not exist '.$result_wrap_class, __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			$result = new $result_wrap_class($result, $this->fetchmode);
			}
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getServerVersion($native = false)

			/**
			* return version information about the server
			*
			* @param bool determines if the raw version string should be returned
			*
			* @return mixed array with version information or row string
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getServerVersion($native = false)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setLimit($limit, $offset = null)

			/**
			* set the range of the next query
			*
			* @param string number of rows to select
			* @param string first row to select
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setLimit($limit, $offset = null)
			{
			if (!$this->supports('limit_queries')) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'limit is not supported by this driver', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$limit = (int)$limit;
			if ($limit < 0) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX, null, null,
			'it was not specified a valid selected range row limit', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$this->limit = $limit;
			if (!is_null($offset)) {
			$offset = (int)$offset;
			if ($offset < 0) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX, null, null,
			'it was not specified a valid first selected range row', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$this->offset = $offset;
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function subSelect($query, $type = false)

			/**
			* simple subselect emulation: leaves the query untouched for all RDBMS
			* that support subselects
			*
			* @param string the SQL query for the subselect that may only
			* return a column
			* @param string determines type of the field
			*
			* @return string the query
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function subSelect($query, $type = false)
			{
			if ($this->supports('sub_selects') === true) {
			return $query;
			}

			if (!$this->supports('sub_selects')) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			$col = $this->queryCol($query, $type);
			if (PEAR::isError($col)) {
			return $col;
			}
			if (!is_array($col) \|\| count($col) == 0) {
			return 'NULL';
			}
			if ($type) {
			$this->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			return $this->datatype->implodeArray($col, $type);
			}
			return implode(', ', $col);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function replace($table, $fields)

			/**
			* Execute a SQL REPLACE query. A REPLACE query is identical to a INSERT
			* query, except that if there is already a row in the table with the same
			* key field values, the REPLACE query just updates its values instead of
			* inserting a new row.
			*
			* The REPLACE type of query does not make part of the SQL standards. Since
			* practically only MySQL and SQLite implement it natively, this type of
			* query isemulated through this method for other DBMS using standard types
			* of queries inside a transaction to assure the atomicity of the operation.
			*
			* @param string name of the table on which the REPLACE query will
			* be executed.
			* @param array associative array that describes the fields and the
			* values that will be inserted or updated in the specified table. The
			* indexes of the array are the names of all the fields of the table.
			* The values of the array are also associative arrays that describe
			* the values and other properties of the table fields.
			*
			* Here follows a list of field properties that need to be specified:
			*
			* value
			* Value to be assigned to the specified field. This value may be
			* of specified in database independent type format as this
			* function can perform the necessary datatype conversions.
			*
			* Default: this property is required unless the Null property is
			* set to 1.
			*
			* type
			* Name of the type of the field. Currently, all types MDB2
			* are supported except for clob and blob.
			*
			* Default: no type conversion
			*
			* null
			* bool property that indicates that the value for this field
			* should be set to null.
			*
			* The default value for fields missing in INSERT queries may be
			* specified the definition of a table. Often, the default value
			* is already null, but since the REPLACE may be emulated using
			* an UPDATE query, make sure that all fields of the table are
			* listed in this function argument array.
			*
			* Default: 0
			*
			* key
			* bool property that indicates that this field should be
			* handled as a primary key or at least as part of the compound
			* unique index of the table that will determine the row that will
			* updated if it exists or inserted a new row otherwise.
			*
			* This function will fail if no key field is specified or if the
			* value of a key field is set to null because fields that are
			* part of unique index they may not be null.
			*
			* Default: 0
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function replace($table, $fields)
			{
			if (!$this->supports('replace')) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'replace query is not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$count = count($fields);
			$condition = $values = array();
			for ($colnum = 0, reset($fields); $colnum < $count; next($fields), $colnum++) {
			$name = key($fields);
			if (isset($fields[$name]['null']) && $fields[$name]['null']) {
			$value = 'NULL';
			} else {
			$type = isset($fields[$name]['type']) ? $fields[$name]['type'] : null;
			$value = $this->quote($fields[$name]['value'], $type);
			}
			$values[$name] = $value;
			if (isset($fields[$name]['key']) && $fields[$name]['key']) {
			if ($value === 'NULL') {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_REPLACE, null, null,
			'key value '.$name.' may not be NULL', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$condition[] = $this->quoteIdentifier($name, true) . '=' . $value;
			}
			}
			if (empty($condition)) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_REPLACE, null, null,
			'not specified which fields are keys', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			$result = null;
			$in_transaction = $this->in_transaction;
			if (!$in_transaction && PEAR::isError($result = $this->beginTransaction())) {
			return $result;
			}

			$connection = $this->getConnection();
			if (PEAR::isError($connection)) {
			return $connection;
			}

			$condition = ' WHERE '.implode(' AND ', $condition);
			$query = 'DELETE FROM ' . $this->quoteIdentifier($table, true) . $condition;
			$result =& $this->_doQuery($query, true, $connection);
			if (!PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$affected_rows = $this->_affectedRows($connection, $result);
			$insert = '';
			foreach ($values as $key => $value) {
			$insert .= ($insert?', ':'') . $this->quoteIdentifier($key, true);
			}
			$values = implode(', ', $values);
			$query = 'INSERT INTO '. $this->quoteIdentifier($table, true) . "($insert) VALUES ($values)";
			$result =& $this->_doQuery($query, true, $connection);
			if (!PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$affected_rows += $this->_affectedRows($connection, $result);;
			}
			}

			if (!$in_transaction) {
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$this->rollback();
			} else {
			$result = $this->commit();
			}
			}

			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			return $affected_rows;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &prepare($query, $types = null, $result_types = null, $lobs = array())

			/**
			* Prepares a query for multiple execution with execute().
			* With some database backends, this is emulated.
			* prepare() requires a generic query as string like
			* 'INSERT INTO numbers VALUES(?,?)' or
			* 'INSERT INTO numbers VALUES(:foo,:bar)'.
			* The ? and :name and are placeholders which can be set using
			* bindParam() and the query can be sent off using the execute() method.
			* The allowed format for :name can be set with the 'bindname_format' option.
			*
			* @param string the query to prepare
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the placeholders
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the columns in
			* the result set or MDB2_PREPARE_RESULT, if set to
			* MDB2_PREPARE_MANIP the query is handled as a manipulation query
			* @param mixed key (field) value (parameter) pair for all lob placeholders
			*
			* @return mixed resource handle for the prepared query on success,
			* a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @see bindParam, execute
			*/
			function &prepare($query, $types = null, $result_types = null, $lobs = array())
			{
			$is_manip = ($result_types === MDB2_PREPARE_MANIP);
			$offset = $this->offset;
			$limit = $this->limit;
			$this->offset = $this->limit = 0;
			$result = $this->debug($query, __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => $is_manip, 'when' => 'pre'));
			if ($result) {
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			$query = $result;
			}
			$placeholder_type_guess = $placeholder_type = null;
			$question = '?';
			$colon = ':';
			$positions = array();
			$position = 0;
			$ignores = $this->sql_comments;
			$ignores[] = $this->string_quoting;
			$ignores[] = $this->identifier_quoting;
			while ($position < strlen($query)) {
			$q_position = strpos($query, $question, $position);
			$c_position = strpos($query, $colon, $position);
			if ($q_position && $c_position) {
			$p_position = min($q_position, $c_position);
			} elseif ($q_position) {
			$p_position = $q_position;
			} elseif ($c_position) {
			$p_position = $c_position;
			} else {
			break;
			}
			if (is_null($placeholder_type)) {
			$placeholder_type_guess = $query[$p_position];
			}

			$new_pos = $this->_skipDelimitedStrings($query, $position, $p_position);
			if (PEAR::isError($new_pos)) {
			return $new_pos;
			}
			if ($new_pos != $position) {
			$position = $new_pos;
			continue; //evaluate again starting from the new position
			}

			if ($query[$position] == $placeholder_type_guess) {
			if (is_null($placeholder_type)) {
			$placeholder_type = $query[$p_position];
			$question = $colon = $placeholder_type;
			if (!empty($types) && is_array($types)) {
			if ($placeholder_type == ':') {
			if (is_int(key($types))) {
			$types_tmp = $types;
			$types = array();
			$count = -1;
			}
			} else {
			$types = array_values($types);
			}
			}
			}
			if ($placeholder_type == ':') {
			$regexp = '/^.{'.($position+1).'}('.$this->options['bindname_format'].').*$/s';
			$parameter = preg_replace($regexp, '\\1', $query);
			if ($parameter === '') {
			$err =& $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX, null, null,
			'named parameter name must match "bindname_format" option', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			$positions[$p_position] = $parameter;
			$query = substr_replace($query, '?', $position, strlen($parameter)+1);
			// use parameter name in type array
			if (isset($count) && isset($types_tmp[++$count])) {
			$types[$parameter] = $types_tmp[$count];
			}
			} else {
			$positions[$p_position] = count($positions);
			}
			$position = $p_position + 1;
			} else {
			$position = $p_position;
			}
			}
			$class_name = 'MDB2_Statement_'.$this->phptype;
			$statement = null;
			$obj = new $class_name($this, $statement, $positions, $query, $types, $result_types, $is_manip, $limit, $offset);
			$this->debug($query, __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => $is_manip, 'when' => 'post', 'result' => $obj));
			return $obj;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _skipDelimitedStrings($query, $position, $p_position)

			/**
			* Utility method, used by prepare() to avoid replacing placeholders within delimited strings.
			* Check if the placeholder is contained within a delimited string.
			* If so, skip it and advance the position, otherwise return the current position,
			* which is valid
			*
			* @param string $query
			* @param integer $position current string cursor position
			* @param integer $p_position placeholder position
			*
			* @return mixed integer $new_position on success
			* MDB2_Error on failure
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function _skipDelimitedStrings($query, $position, $p_position)
			{
			$ignores = $this->sql_comments;
			$ignores[] = $this->string_quoting;
			$ignores[] = $this->identifier_quoting;

			foreach ($ignores as $ignore) {
			if (!empty($ignore['start'])) {
			if (is_int($start_quote = strpos($query, $ignore['start'], $position)) && $start_quote < $p_position) {
			$end_quote = $start_quote;
			do {
			if (!is_int($end_quote = strpos($query, $ignore['end'], $end_quote + 1))) {
			if ($ignore['end'] === "\n") {
			$end_quote = strlen($query) - 1;
			} else {
			$err =& $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX, null, null,
			'query with an unterminated text string specified', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			}
			} while ($ignore['escape'] && $query[($end_quote - 1)] == $ignore['escape'] && $end_quote-1 != $start_quote);
			$position = $end_quote + 1;
			return $position;
			}
			}
			}
			return $position;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function quote($value, $type = null, $quote = true)

			/**
			* Convert a text value into a DBMS specific format that is suitable to
			* compose query statements.
			*
			* @param string text string value that is intended to be converted.
			* @param string type to which the value should be converted to
			* @param bool quote
			* @param bool escape wildcards
			*
			* @return string text string that represents the given argument value in
			* a DBMS specific format.
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function quote($value, $type = null, $quote = true, $escape_wildcards = false)
			{
			$result = $this->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			return $this->datatype->quote($value, $type, $quote, $escape_wildcards);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getDeclaration($type, $name, $field)

			/**
			* Obtain DBMS specific SQL code portion needed to declare
			* of the given type
			*
			* @param string type to which the value should be converted to
			* @param string name the field to be declared.
			* @param string definition of the field
			*
			* @return string DBMS specific SQL code portion that should be used to
			* declare the specified field.
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getDeclaration($type, $name, $field)
			{
			$result = $this->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			return $this->datatype->getDeclaration($type, $name, $field);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function compareDefinition($current, $previous)

			/**
			* Obtain an array of changes that may need to applied
			*
			* @param array new definition
			* @param array old definition
			*
			* @return array containing all changes that will need to be applied
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function compareDefinition($current, $previous)
			{
			$result = $this->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			return $this->datatype->compareDefinition($current, $previous);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function supports($feature)

			/**
			* Tell whether a DB implementation or its backend extension
			* supports a given feature.
			*
			* @param string name of the feature (see the MDB2 class doc)
			*
			* @return bool\|string if this DB implementation supports a given feature
			* false means no, true means native,
			* 'emulated' means emulated
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function supports($feature)
			{
			if (array_key_exists($feature, $this->supported)) {
			return $this->supported[$feature];
			}
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			"unknown support feature $feature", __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getSequenceName($sqn)

			/**
			* adds sequence name formatting to a sequence name
			*
			* @param string name of the sequence
			*
			* @return string formatted sequence name
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getSequenceName($sqn)
			{
			return sprintf($this->options['seqname_format'],
			preg_replace('/[^a-z0-9_\$.]/i', '_', $sqn));
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getIndexName($idx)

			/**
			* adds index name formatting to a index name
			*
			* @param string name of the index
			*
			* @return string formatted index name
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getIndexName($idx)
			{
			return sprintf($this->options['idxname_format'],
			preg_replace('/[^a-z0-9_\$]/i', '_', $idx));
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function nextID($seq_name, $ondemand = true)

			/**
			* Returns the next free id of a sequence
			*
			* @param string name of the sequence
			* @param bool when true missing sequences are automatic created
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or id
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function nextID($seq_name, $ondemand = true)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function lastInsertID($table = null, $field = null)

			/**
			* Returns the autoincrement ID if supported or $id or fetches the current
			* ID in a sequence called: $table.(empty($field) ? '' : '_'.$field)
			*
			* @param string name of the table into which a new row was inserted
			* @param string name of the field into which a new row was inserted
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or id
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function lastInsertID($table = null, $field = null)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function currID($seq_name)

			/**
			* Returns the current id of a sequence
			*
			* @param string name of the sequence
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or id
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function currID($seq_name)
			{
			$this->warnings[] = 'database does not support getting current
			sequence value, the sequence value was incremented';
			return $this->nextID($seq_name);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function queryOne($query, $type = null, $colnum = 0)

			/**
			* Execute the specified query, fetch the value from the first column of
			* the first row of the result set and then frees
			* the result set.
			*
			* @param string the SELECT query statement to be executed.
			* @param string optional argument that specifies the expected
			* datatype of the result set field, so that an eventual conversion
			* may be performed. The default datatype is text, meaning that no
			* conversion is performed
			* @param int the column number to fetch
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or field value on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function queryOne($query, $type = null, $colnum = 0)
			{
			$result = $this->query($query, $type);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$one = $result->fetchOne($colnum);
			$result->free();
			return $one;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function queryRow($query, $types = null, $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT)

			/**
			* Execute the specified query, fetch the values from the first
			* row of the result set into an array and then frees
			* the result set.
			*
			* @param string the SELECT query statement to be executed.
			* @param array optional array argument that specifies a list of
			* expected datatypes of the result set columns, so that the eventual
			* conversions may be performed. The default list of datatypes is
			* empty, meaning that no conversion is performed.
			* @param int how the array data should be indexed
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function queryRow($query, $types = null, $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT)
			{
			$result = $this->query($query, $types);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$row = $result->fetchRow($fetchmode);
			$result->free();
			return $row;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function queryCol($query, $type = null, $colnum = 0)

			/**
			* Execute the specified query, fetch the value from the first column of
			* each row of the result set into an array and then frees the result set.
			*
			* @param string the SELECT query statement to be executed.
			* @param string optional argument that specifies the expected
			* datatype of the result set field, so that an eventual conversion
			* may be performed. The default datatype is text, meaning that no
			* conversion is performed
			* @param int the row number to fetch
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function queryCol($query, $type = null, $colnum = 0)
			{
			$result = $this->query($query, $type);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$col = $result->fetchCol($colnum);
			$result->free();
			return $col;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function queryAll($query, $types = null, $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rekey = false, $force_array = false, $group = false)

			/**
			* Execute the specified query, fetch all the rows of the result set into
			* a two dimensional array and then frees the result set.
			*
			* @param string the SELECT query statement to be executed.
			* @param array optional array argument that specifies a list of
			* expected datatypes of the result set columns, so that the eventual
			* conversions may be performed. The default list of datatypes is
			* empty, meaning that no conversion is performed.
			* @param int how the array data should be indexed
			* @param bool if set to true, the $all will have the first
			* column as its first dimension
			* @param bool used only when the query returns exactly
			* two columns. If true, the values of the returned array will be
			* one-element arrays instead of scalars.
			* @param bool if true, the values of the returned array is
			* wrapped in another array. If the same key value (in the first
			* column) repeats itself, the values will be appended to this array
			* instead of overwriting the existing values.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function queryAll($query, $types = null, $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT,
			$rekey = false, $force_array = false, $group = false)
			{
			$result = $this->query($query, $types);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$all = $result->fetchAll($fetchmode, $rekey, $force_array, $group);
			$result->free();
			return $all;
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Result

			/**
			* The dummy class that all user space result classes should extend from
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Result
			{
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Result_Common extends MDB2_Result

			/**
			* The common result class for MDB2 result objects
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Result_Common extends MDB2_Result
			{
			// {{{ Variables (Properties)

			var $db;
			var $result;
			var $rownum = -1;
			var $types = array();
			var $values = array();
			var $offset;
			var $offset_count = 0;
			var $limit;
			var $column_names;

			// }}}
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct(&$db, &$result, $limit = 0, $offset = 0)

			/**
			* Constructor
			*/
			function __construct(&$db, &$result, $limit = 0, $offset = 0)
			{
			$this->db =& $db;
			$this->result =& $result;
			$this->offset = $offset;
			$this->limit = max(0, $limit - 1);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function MDB2_Result_Common(&$db, &$result, $limit = 0, $offset = 0)

			/**
			* PHP 4 Constructor
			*/
			function MDB2_Result_Common(&$db, &$result, $limit = 0, $offset = 0)
			{
			$this->__construct($db, $result, $limit, $offset);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setResultTypes($types)

			/**
			* Define the list of types to be associated with the columns of a given
			* result set.
			*
			* This function may be called before invoking fetchRow(), fetchOne(),
			* fetchCol() and fetchAll() so that the necessary data type
			* conversions are performed on the data to be retrieved by them. If this
			* function is not called, the type of all result set columns is assumed
			* to be text, thus leading to not perform any conversions.
			*
			* @param array variable that lists the
			* data types to be expected in the result set columns. If this array
			* contains less types than the number of columns that are returned
			* in the result set, the remaining columns are assumed to be of the
			* type text. Currently, the types clob and blob are not fully
			* supported.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setResultTypes($types)
			{
			$load = $this->db->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			if (PEAR::isError($load)) {
			return $load;
			}
			$types = $this->db->datatype->checkResultTypes($types);
			if (PEAR::isError($types)) {
			return $types;
			}
			$this->types = $types;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function seek($rownum = 0)

			/**
			* Seek to a specific row in a result set
			*
			* @param int number of the row where the data can be found
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function seek($rownum = 0)
			{
			$target_rownum = $rownum - 1;
			if ($this->rownum > $target_rownum) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'seeking to previous rows not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			while ($this->rownum < $target_rownum) {
			$this->fetchRow();
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &fetchRow($fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rownum = null)

			/**
			* Fetch and return a row of data
			*
			* @param int how the array data should be indexed
			* @param int number of the row where the data can be found
			*
			* @return int data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function &fetchRow($fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rownum = null)
			{
			$err =& $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function fetchOne($colnum = 0)

			/**
			* fetch single column from the next row from a result set
			*
			* @param int the column number to fetch
			* @param int number of the row where the data can be found
			*
			* @return string data on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function fetchOne($colnum = 0, $rownum = null)
			{
			$fetchmode = is_numeric($colnum) ? MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED : MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC;
			$row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode, $rownum);
			if (!is_array($row) \|\| PEAR::isError($row)) {
			return $row;
			}
			if (!array_key_exists($colnum, $row)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED, null, null,
			'column is not defined in the result set: '.$colnum, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			return $row[$colnum];
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function fetchCol($colnum = 0)

			/**
			* Fetch and return a column from the current row pointer position
			*
			* @param int the column number to fetch
			*
			* @return mixed data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function fetchCol($colnum = 0)
			{
			$column = array();
			$fetchmode = is_numeric($colnum) ? MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED : MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC;
			$row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode);
			if (is_array($row)) {
			if (!array_key_exists($colnum, $row)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED, null, null,
			'column is not defined in the result set: '.$colnum, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			do {
			$column[] = $row[$colnum];
			} while (is_array($row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode)));
			}
			if (PEAR::isError($row)) {
			return $row;
			}
			return $column;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function fetchAll($fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rekey = false, $force_array = false, $group = false)

			/**
			* Fetch and return all rows from the current row pointer position
			*
			* @param int $fetchmode the fetch mode to use:
			* + MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED
			* + MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC
			* + MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED \| MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED
			* + MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC \| MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED
			* @param bool if set to true, the $all will have the first
			* column as its first dimension
			* @param bool used only when the query returns exactly
			* two columns. If true, the values of the returned array will be
			* one-element arrays instead of scalars.
			* @param bool if true, the values of the returned array is
			* wrapped in another array. If the same key value (in the first
			* column) repeats itself, the values will be appended to this array
			* instead of overwriting the existing values.
			*
			* @return mixed data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @see getAssoc()
			*/
			function fetchAll($fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rekey = false,
			$force_array = false, $group = false)
			{
			$all = array();
			$row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode);
			if (PEAR::isError($row)) {
			return $row;
			} elseif (!$row) {
			return $all;
			}

			$shift_array = $rekey ? false : null;
			if (!is_null($shift_array)) {
			if (is_object($row)) {
			$colnum = count(get_object_vars($row));
			} else {
			$colnum = count($row);
			}
			if ($colnum < 2) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED, null, null,
			'rekey feature requires atleast 2 column', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$shift_array = (!$force_array && $colnum == 2);
			}

			if ($rekey) {
			do {
			if (is_object($row)) {
			$arr = get_object_vars($row);
			$key = reset($arr);
			unset($row->{$key});
			} else {
			if ($fetchmode & MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC) {
			$key = reset($row);
			unset($row[key($row)]);
			} else {
			$key = array_shift($row);
			}
			if ($shift_array) {
			$row = array_shift($row);
			}
			}
			if ($group) {
			$all[$key][] = $row;
			} else {
			$all[$key] = $row;
			}
			} while (($row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode)));
			} elseif ($fetchmode & MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED) {
			do {
			foreach ($row as $key => $val) {
			$all[$key][] = $val;
			}
			} while (($row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode)));
			} else {
			do {
			$all[] = $row;
			} while (($row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode)));
			}

			return $all;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function rowCount()
			/**
			* Returns the actual row number that was last fetched (count from 0)
			* @return int
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function rowCount()
			{
			return $this->rownum + 1;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function numRows()

			/**
			* Returns the number of rows in a result object
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or the number of rows
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function numRows()
			{
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function nextResult()

			/**
			* Move the internal result pointer to the next available result
			*
			* @return true on success, false if there is no more result set or an error object on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function nextResult()
			{
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getColumnNames()

			/**
			* Retrieve the names of columns returned by the DBMS in a query result or
			* from the cache.
			*
			* @param bool If set to true the values are the column names,
			* otherwise the names of the columns are the keys.
			* @return mixed Array variable that holds the names of columns or an
			* MDB2 error on failure.
			* Some DBMS may not return any columns when the result set
			* does not contain any rows.
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getColumnNames($flip = false)
			{
			if (!isset($this->column_names)) {
			$result = $this->_getColumnNames();
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			$this->column_names = $result;
			}
			if ($flip) {
			return array_flip($this->column_names);
			}
			return $this->column_names;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _getColumnNames()

			/**
			* Retrieve the names of columns returned by the DBMS in a query result.
			*
			* @return mixed Array variable that holds the names of columns as keys
			* or an MDB2 error on failure.
			* Some DBMS may not return any columns when the result set
			* does not contain any rows.
			*
			* @access private
			*/
			function _getColumnNames()
			{
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function numCols()

			/**
			* Count the number of columns returned by the DBMS in a query result.
			*
			* @return mixed integer value with the number of columns, a MDB2 error
			* on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function numCols()
			{
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getResource()

			/**
			* return the resource associated with the result object
			*
			* @return resource
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getResource()
			{
			return $this->result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindColumn($column, &$value, $type = null)

			/**
			* Set bind variable to a column.
			*
			* @param int column number or name
			* @param mixed variable reference
			* @param string specifies the type of the field
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function bindColumn($column, &$value, $type = null)
			{
			if (!is_numeric($column)) {
			$column_names = $this->getColumnNames();
			if ($this->db->options['portability'] & MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE) {
			if ($this->db->options['field_case'] == CASE_LOWER) {
			$column = strtolower($column);
			} else {
			$column = strtoupper($column);
			}
			}
			$column = $column_names[$column];
			}
			$this->values[$column] =& $value;
			if (!is_null($type)) {
			$this->types[$column] = $type;
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _assignBindColumns($row)

			/**
			* Bind a variable to a value in the result row.
			*
			* @param array row data
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access private
			*/
			function _assignBindColumns($row)
			{
			$row = array_values($row);
			foreach ($row as $column => $value) {
			if (array_key_exists($column, $this->values)) {
			$this->values[$column] = $value;
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function free()

			/**
			* Free the internal resources associated with result.
			*
			* @return bool true on success, false if result is invalid
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function free()
			{
			$this->result = false;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Row

			/**
			* The simple class that accepts row data as an array
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Row
			{
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct(&$row)

			/**
			* constructor
			*
			* @param resource row data as array
			*/
			function __construct(&$row)
			{
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			$this->$key = &$row[$key];
			}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function MDB2_Row(&$row)

			/**
			* PHP 4 Constructor
			*
			* @param resource row data as array
			*/
			function MDB2_Row(&$row)
			{
			$this->__construct($row);
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Statement_Common

			/**
			* The common statement class for MDB2 statement objects
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Statement_Common
			{
			// {{{ Variables (Properties)

			var $db;
			var $statement;
			var $query;
			var $result_types;
			var $types;
			var $values = array();
			var $limit;
			var $offset;
			var $is_manip;

			// }}}
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct(&$db, &$statement, $positions, $query, $types, $result_types, $is_manip = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)

			/**
			* Constructor
			*/
			function __construct(&$db, &$statement, $positions, $query, $types, $result_types, $is_manip = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)
			{
			$this->db =& $db;
			$this->statement =& $statement;
			$this->positions = $positions;
			$this->query = $query;
			$this->types = (array)$types;
			$this->result_types = (array)$result_types;
			$this->limit = $limit;
			$this->is_manip = $is_manip;
			$this->offset = $offset;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function MDB2_Statement_Common(&$db, &$statement, $positions, $query, $types, $result_types, $is_manip = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)

			/**
			* PHP 4 Constructor
			*/
			function MDB2_Statement_Common(&$db, &$statement, $positions, $query, $types, $result_types, $is_manip = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)
			{
			$this->__construct($db, $statement, $positions, $query, $types, $result_types, $is_manip, $limit, $offset);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindValue($parameter, &$value, $type = null)

			/**
			* Set the value of a parameter of a prepared query.
			*
			* @param int the order number of the parameter in the query
			* statement. The order number of the first parameter is 1.
			* @param mixed value that is meant to be assigned to specified
			* parameter. The type of the value depends on the $type argument.
			* @param string specifies the type of the field
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function bindValue($parameter, $value, $type = null)
			{
			if (!is_numeric($parameter)) {
			$parameter = preg_replace('/^:(.*)$/', '\\1', $parameter);
			}
			if (!in_array($parameter, $this->positions)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'Unable to bind to missing placeholder: '.$parameter, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$this->values[$parameter] = $value;
			if (!is_null($type)) {
			$this->types[$parameter] = $type;
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindValueArray($values, $types = null)

			/**
			* Set the values of multiple a parameter of a prepared query in bulk.
			*
			* @param array specifies all necessary information
			* for bindValue() the array elements must use keys corresponding to
			* the number of the position of the parameter.
			* @param array specifies the types of the fields
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @see bindParam()
			*/
			function bindValueArray($values, $types = null)
			{
			$types = is_array($types) ? array_values($types) : array_fill(0, count($values), null);
			$parameters = array_keys($values);
			foreach ($parameters as $key => $parameter) {
			$this->db->pushErrorHandling(PEAR_ERROR_RETURN);
			$this->db->expectError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND);
			$err = $this->bindValue($parameter, $values[$parameter], $types[$key]);
			$this->db->popExpect();
			$this->db->popErrorHandling();
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			if ($err->getCode() == MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND) {
			//ignore (extra value for missing placeholder)
			continue;
			}
			return $err;
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindParam($parameter, &$value, $type = null)

			/**
			* Bind a variable to a parameter of a prepared query.
			*
			* @param int the order number of the parameter in the query
			* statement. The order number of the first parameter is 1.
			* @param mixed variable that is meant to be bound to specified
			* parameter. The type of the value depends on the $type argument.
			* @param string specifies the type of the field
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function bindParam($parameter, &$value, $type = null)
			{
			if (!is_numeric($parameter)) {
			$parameter = preg_replace('/^:(.*)$/', '\\1', $parameter);
			}
			if (!in_array($parameter, $this->positions)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'Unable to bind to missing placeholder: '.$parameter, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$this->values[$parameter] =& $value;
			if (!is_null($type)) {
			$this->types[$parameter] = $type;
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindParamArray(&$values, $types = null)

			/**
			* Bind the variables of multiple a parameter of a prepared query in bulk.
			*
			* @param array specifies all necessary information
			* for bindParam() the array elements must use keys corresponding to
			* the number of the position of the parameter.
			* @param array specifies the types of the fields
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @see bindParam()
			*/
			function bindParamArray(&$values, $types = null)
			{
			$types = is_array($types) ? array_values($types) : array_fill(0, count($values), null);
			$parameters = array_keys($values);
			foreach ($parameters as $key => $parameter) {
			$err = $this->bindParam($parameter, $values[$parameter], $types[$key]);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &execute($values = null, $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)

			/**
			* Execute a prepared query statement.
			*
			* @param array specifies all necessary information
			* for bindParam() the array elements must use keys corresponding to
			* the number of the position of the parameter.
			* @param mixed specifies which result class to use
			* @param mixed specifies which class to wrap results in
			*
			* @return mixed a result handle or MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function &execute($values = null, $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)
			{
			if (is_null($this->positions)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR, null, null,
			'Prepared statement has already been freed', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			$values = (array)$values;
			if (!empty($values)) {
			$err = $this->bindValueArray($values);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR, null, null,
			'Binding Values failed with message: ' . $err->getMessage(), __FUNCTION__);
			}
			}
			$result =& $this->_execute($result_class, $result_wrap_class);
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &_execute($result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)

			/**
			* Execute a prepared query statement helper method.
			*
			* @param mixed specifies which result class to use
			* @param mixed specifies which class to wrap results in
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_Result or integer on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access private
			*/
			function &_execute($result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)
			{
			$this->last_query = $this->query;
			$query = '';
			$last_position = 0;
			foreach ($this->positions as $current_position => $parameter) {
			if (!array_key_exists($parameter, $this->values)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'Unable to bind to missing placeholder: '.$parameter, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$value = $this->values[$parameter];
			$query.= substr($this->query, $last_position, $current_position - $last_position);
			if (!isset($value)) {
			$value_quoted = 'NULL';
			} else {
			$type = !empty($this->types[$parameter]) ? $this->types[$parameter] : null;
			$value_quoted = $this->db->quote($value, $type);
			if (PEAR::isError($value_quoted)) {
			return $value_quoted;
			}
			}
			$query.= $value_quoted;
			$last_position = $current_position + 1;
			}
			$query.= substr($this->query, $last_position);

			$this->db->offset = $this->offset;
			$this->db->limit = $this->limit;
			if ($this->is_manip) {
			$result = $this->db->exec($query);
			} else {
			$result =& $this->db->query($query, $this->result_types, $result_class, $result_wrap_class);
			}
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function free()

			/**
			* Release resources allocated for the specified prepared query.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function free()
			{
			if (is_null($this->positions)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR, null, null,
			'Prepared statement has already been freed', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			$this->statement = null;
			$this->positions = null;
			$this->query = null;
			$this->types = null;
			$this->result_types = null;
			$this->limit = null;
			$this->is_manip = null;
			$this->offset = null;
			$this->values = null;

			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Module_Common

			/**
			* The common modules class for MDB2 module objects
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Module_Common
			{
			// {{{ Variables (Properties)

			/**
			* contains the key to the global MDB2 instance array of the associated
			* MDB2 instance
			*
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $db_index;

			// }}}
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct($db_index)

			/**
			* Constructor
			*/
			function __construct($db_index)
			{
			$this->db_index = $db_index;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function MDB2_Module_Common($db_index)

			/**
			* PHP 4 Constructor
			*/
			function MDB2_Module_Common($db_index)
			{
			$this->__construct($db_index);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &getDBInstance()

			/**
			* Get the instance of MDB2 associated with the module instance
			*
			* @return object MDB2 instance or a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function &getDBInstance()
			{
			if (isset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$this->db_index])) {
			$result =& $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$this->db_index];
			} else {
			$result =& MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'could not find MDB2 instance');
			}
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function MDB2_closeOpenTransactions()

			/**
			* Close any open transactions form persistent connections
			*
			* @return void
			*
			* @access public
			*/

			function MDB2_closeOpenTransactions()
			{
			reset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']);
			while (next($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'])) {
			$key = key($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']);
			if ($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$key]->opened_persistent
			&& $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$key]->in_transaction
			) {
			$GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$key]->rollback();
			}
			}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function MDB2_defaultDebugOutput(&$db, $scope, $message, $is_manip = null)

			/**
			* default debug output handler
			*
			* @param object reference to an MDB2 database object
			* @param string usually the method name that triggered the debug call:
			* for example 'query', 'prepare', 'execute', 'parameters',
			* 'beginTransaction', 'commit', 'rollback'
			* @param string message that should be appended to the debug variable
			* @param array contains context information about the debug() call
			* common keys are: is_manip, time, result etc.
			*
			* @return void\|string optionally return a modified message, this allows
			* rewriting a query before being issued or prepared
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function MDB2_defaultDebugOutput(&$db, $scope, $message, $context = array())
			{
			$db->debug_output.= $scope.'('.$db->db_index.'): ';
			$db->debug_output.= $message.$db->getOption('log_line_break');
			return $message;
			}

			// }}}
			<?php
			// vim: set et ts=4 sw=4 fdm=marker:
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			// \| PHP versions 4 and 5 \|
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			// \| Copyright (c) 1998-2007 Manuel Lemos, Tomas V.V.Cox, \|
			// \| Stig. S. Bakken, Lukas Smith \|
			// \| All rights reserved. \|
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			// \| MDB2 is a merge of PEAR DB and Metabases that provides a unified DB \|
			// \| API as well as database abstraction for PHP applications. \|
			// \| This LICENSE is in the BSD license style. \|
			// \| \|
			// \| Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without \|
			// \| modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions \|
			// \| are met: \|
			// \| \|
			// \| Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright \|
			// \| notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. \|
			// \| \|
			// \| Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright \|
			// \| notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the \|
			// \| documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. \|
			// \| \|
			// \| Neither the name of Manuel Lemos, Tomas V.V.Cox, Stig. S. Bakken, \|
			// \| Lukas Smith nor the names of his contributors may be used to endorse \|
			// \| or promote products derived from this software without specific prior\|
			// \| written permission. \|
			// \| \|
			// \| THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS \|
			// \| "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT \|
			// \| LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS \|
			// \| FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE \|
			// \| REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, \|
			// \| INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, \|
			// \| BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS\|
			// \| OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED \|
			// \| AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT \|
			// \| LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY\|
			// \| WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE \|
			// \| POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. \|
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			// \| Author: Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org> \|
			// +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
			//
			// $Id: MDB2.php 295587 2010-02-28 17:16:38Z quipo $
			//

			/**
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/

			require_once 'PEAR.php';

			// {{{ Error constants

			/**
			* The method mapErrorCode in each MDB2_dbtype implementation maps
			* native error codes to one of these.
			*
			* If you add an error code here, make sure you also add a textual
			* version of it in MDB2::errorMessage().
			*/

			define('MDB2_OK', true);
			define('MDB2_ERROR', -1);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX', -2);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT', -3);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND', -4);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS', -5);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED', -6);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_MISMATCH', -7);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INVALID', -8);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOT_CAPABLE', -9);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED', -10);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_NUMBER', -11);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_DATE', -12);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_DIVZERO', -13);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NODBSELECTED', -14);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_CREATE', -15);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_DELETE', -16);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_DROP', -17);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHTABLE', -18);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHFIELD', -19);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NEED_MORE_DATA', -20);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOT_LOCKED', -21);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_VALUE_COUNT_ON_ROW', -22);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_DSN', -23);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CONNECT_FAILED', -24);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_FOUND',-25);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHDB', -26);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_ACCESS_VIOLATION', -27);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_REPLACE', -28);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT_NOT_NULL',-29);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_DEADLOCK', -30);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_ALTER', -31);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_MANAGER', -32);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_MANAGER_PARSE', -33);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_LOADMODULE', -34);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_DATA', -35);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_NO_PERMISSION', -36);
			define('MDB2_ERROR_DISCONNECT_FAILED', -37);

			// }}}
			// {{{ Verbose constants
			/**
			* These are just helper constants to more verbosely express parameters to prepare()
			*/

			define('MDB2_PREPARE_MANIP', false);
			define('MDB2_PREPARE_RESULT', null);

			// }}}
			// {{{ Fetchmode constants

			/**
			* This is a special constant that tells MDB2 the user hasn't specified
			* any particular get mode, so the default should be used.
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT', 0);

			/**
			* Column data indexed by numbers, ordered from 0 and up
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED', 1);

			/**
			* Column data indexed by column names
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC', 2);

			/**
			* Column data as object properties
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT', 3);

			/**
			* For multi-dimensional results: normally the first level of arrays
			* is the row number, and the second level indexed by column number or name.
			* MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED switches this order, so the first level of arrays
			* is the column name, and the second level the row number.
			*/
			define('MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED', 4);

			// }}}
			// {{{ Portability mode constants

			/**
			* Portability: turn off all portability features.
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_NONE', 0);

			/**
			* Portability: convert names of tables and fields to case defined in the
			* "field_case" option when using the query(), fetch() and tableInfo() methods.
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE', 1);

			/**
			* Portability: right trim the data output by query() and fetch().
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM', 2);

			/**
			* Portability: force reporting the number of rows deleted.
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_DELETE_COUNT', 4);

			/**
			* Portability: not needed in MDB2 (just left here for compatibility to DB)
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_NUMROWS', 8);

			/**
			* Portability: makes certain error messages in certain drivers compatible
			* with those from other DBMS's.
			*
			* + mysql, mysqli: change unique/primary key constraints
			* MDB2_ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS -> MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT
			*
			* + odbc(access): MS's ODBC driver reports 'no such field' as code
			* 07001, which means 'too few parameters.' When this option is on
			* that code gets mapped to MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHFIELD.
			*
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_ERRORS', 16);

			/**
			* Portability: convert empty values to null strings in data output by
			* query() and fetch().
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL', 32);

			/**
			* Portability: removes database/table qualifiers from associative indexes
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES', 64);

			/**
			* Portability: turn on all portability features.
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			define('MDB2_PORTABILITY_ALL', 127);

			// }}}
			// {{{ Globals for class instance tracking

			/**
			* These are global variables that are used to track the various class instances
			*/

			$GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'] = array();
			$GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'] = array(
			'phptype' => false,
			'dbsyntax' => false,
			'username' => false,
			'password' => false,
			'protocol' => false,
			'hostspec' => false,
			'port' => false,
			'socket' => false,
			'database' => false,
			'mode' => false,
			);

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2

			/**
			* The main 'MDB2' class is simply a container class with some static
			* methods for creating DB objects as well as some utility functions
			* common to all parts of DB.
			*
			* The object model of MDB2 is as follows (indentation means inheritance):
			*
			* MDB2 The main MDB2 class. This is simply a utility class
			* with some 'static' methods for creating MDB2 objects as
			* well as common utility functions for other MDB2 classes.
			*
			* MDB2_Driver_Common The base for each MDB2 implementation. Provides default
			* \| implementations (in OO lingo virtual methods) for
			* \| the actual DB implementations as well as a bunch of
			* \| query utility functions.
			* \|
			* +-MDB2_Driver_mysql The MDB2 implementation for MySQL. Inherits MDB2_Driver_Common.
			* When calling MDB2::factory or MDB2::connect for MySQL
			* connections, the object returned is an instance of this
			* class.
			* +-MDB2_Driver_pgsql The MDB2 implementation for PostGreSQL. Inherits MDB2_Driver_Common.
			* When calling MDB2::factory or MDB2::connect for PostGreSQL
			* connections, the object returned is an instance of this
			* class.
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2
			{
			// {{{ function setOptions($db, $options)

			/**
			* set option array in an exiting database object
			*
			* @param MDB2_Driver_Common MDB2 object
			* @param array An associative array of option names and their values.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or a PEAR Error object
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			static function setOptions($db, $options)
			{
			if (is_array($options)) {
			foreach ($options as $option => $value) {
			$test = $db->setOption($option, $value);
			if (PEAR::isError($test)) {
			return $test;
			}
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function classExists($classname)

			/**
			* Checks if a class exists without triggering __autoload
			*
			* @param string classname
			*
			* @return bool true success and false on error
			* @static
			* @access public
			*/
			static function classExists($classname)
			{
			return class_exists($classname, false);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function loadClass($class_name, $debug)

			/**
			* Loads a PEAR class.
			*
			* @param string classname to load
			* @param bool if errors should be suppressed
			*
			* @return mixed true success or PEAR_Error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			static function loadClass($class_name, $debug)
			{
			if (!MDB2::classExists($class_name)) {
			$file_name = str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $class_name).'.php';
			if ($debug) {
			$include = include_once($file_name);
			} else {
			$include = @include_once($file_name);
			}
			if (!$include) {
			if (!MDB2::fileExists($file_name)) {
			$msg = "unable to find package '$class_name' file '$file_name'";
			} else {
			$msg = "unable to load class '$class_name' from file '$file_name'";
			}
			$err = MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null, $msg);
			return $err;
			}
			if (!MDB2::classExists($class_name)) {
			$msg = "unable to load class '$class_name' from file '$file_name'";
			$err = MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null, $msg);
			return $err;
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function factory($dsn, $options = false)

			/**
			* Create a new MDB2 object for the specified database type
			*
			* @param mixed 'data source name', see the MDB2::parseDSN
			* method for a description of the dsn format.
			* Can also be specified as an array of the
			* format returned by MDB2::parseDSN.
			* @param array An associative array of option names and
			* their values.
			*
			* @return mixed a newly created MDB2 object, or false on error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			static function factory($dsn, $options = false)
			{
			$dsninfo = MDB2::parseDSN($dsn);
			if (empty($dsninfo['phptype'])) {
			$err = MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND,
			null, null, 'no RDBMS driver specified');
			return $err;
			}
			$class_name = 'MDB2_Driver_'.$dsninfo['phptype'];

			$debug = (!empty($options['debug']));
			$err = MDB2::loadClass($class_name, $debug);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}

			$db = new $class_name();
			$db->setDSN($dsninfo);
			$err = MDB2::setOptions($db, $options);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}

			return $db;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function connect($dsn, $options = false)

			/**
			* Create a new MDB2_Driver_* connection object and connect to the specified
			* database
			*
			* @param mixed $dsn 'data source name', see the MDB2::parseDSN
			* method for a description of the dsn format.
			* Can also be specified as an array of the
			* format returned by MDB2::parseDSN.
			* @param array $options An associative array of option names and
			* their values.
			*
			* @return mixed a newly created MDB2 connection object, or a MDB2
			* error object on error
			*
			* @access public
			* @see MDB2::parseDSN
			*/
			static function connect($dsn, $options = false)
			{
			$db = MDB2::factory($dsn, $options);
			if (PEAR::isError($db)) {
			return $db;
			}

			$err = $db->connect();
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			$dsn = $db->getDSN('string', 'xxx');
			$db->disconnect();
			$err->addUserInfo($dsn);
			return $err;
			}

			return $db;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function singleton($dsn = null, $options = false)

			/**
			* Returns a MDB2 connection with the requested DSN.
			* A new MDB2 connection object is only created if no object with the
			* requested DSN exists yet.
			*
			* @param mixed 'data source name', see the MDB2::parseDSN
			* method for a description of the dsn format.
			* Can also be specified as an array of the
			* format returned by MDB2::parseDSN.
			* @param array An associative array of option names and
			* their values.
			*
			* @return mixed a newly created MDB2 connection object, or a MDB2
			* error object on error
			*
			* @access public
			* @see MDB2::parseDSN
			*/
			static function singleton($dsn = null, $options = false)
			{
			if ($dsn) {
			$dsninfo = MDB2::parseDSN($dsn);
			$dsninfo = array_merge($GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'], $dsninfo);
			$keys = array_keys($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']);
			for ($i=0, $j=count($keys); $i<$j; ++$i) {
			if (isset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$keys[$i]])) {
			$tmp_dsn = $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$keys[$i]]->getDSN('array');
			if (count(array_diff_assoc($tmp_dsn, $dsninfo)) == 0) {
			MDB2::setOptions($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$keys[$i]], $options);
			return $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$keys[$i]];
			}
			}
			}
			} elseif (is_array($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']) && reset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'])) {
			return $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][key($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'])];
			}
			$db = MDB2::factory($dsn, $options);
			return $db;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function areEquals()

			/**
			* It looks like there's a memory leak in array_diff() in PHP 5.1.x,
			* so use this method instead.
			* @see http://pear.php.net/bugs/bug.php?id=11790
			*
			* @param array $arr1
			* @param array $arr2
			* @return boolean
			*/
			static function areEquals($arr1, $arr2)
			{
			if (count($arr1) != count($arr2)) {
			return false;
			}
			foreach (array_keys($arr1) as $k) {
			if (!array_key_exists($k, $arr2) \|\| $arr1[$k] != $arr2[$k]) {
			return false;
			}
			}
			return true;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function loadFile($file)

			/**
			* load a file (like 'Date')
			*
			* @param string $file name of the file in the MDB2 directory (without '.php')
			*
			* @return string name of the file that was included
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			static function loadFile($file)
			{
			$file_name = 'MDB2'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$file.'.php';
			if (!MDB2::fileExists($file_name)) {
			return MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'unable to find: '.$file_name);
			}
			if (!include_once($file_name)) {
			return MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'unable to load driver class: '.$file_name);
			}
			return $file_name;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function apiVersion()

			/**
			* Return the MDB2 API version
			*
			* @return string the MDB2 API version number
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function apiVersion()
			{
			return '@package_version@';
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &raiseError($code = null, $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)

			/**
			* This method is used to communicate an error and invoke error
			* callbacks etc. Basically a wrapper for PEAR::raiseError
			* without the message string.
			*
			* @param mixed int error code
			*
			* @param int error mode, see PEAR_Error docs
			*
			* @param mixed If error mode is PEAR_ERROR_TRIGGER, this is the
			* error level (E_USER_NOTICE etc). If error mode is
			* PEAR_ERROR_CALLBACK, this is the callback function,
			* either as a function name, or as an array of an
			* object and method name. For other error modes this
			* parameter is ignored.
			*
			* @param string Extra debug information. Defaults to the last
			* query and native error code.
			*
			* @return PEAR_Error instance of a PEAR Error object
			*
			* @access private
			* @see PEAR_Error
			*/
			function &raiseError($code = null,
			$mode = null,
			$options = null,
			$userinfo = null,
			$dummy1 = null,
			$dummy2 = null,
			$dummy3 = false)
			{
			$err =& PEAR::raiseError(null, $code, $mode, $options, $userinfo, 'MDB2_Error', true);
			return $err;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isError($data, $code = null)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 error.
			*
			* @param mixed the value to test
			* @param int if is an error object, return true
			* only if $code is a string and
			* $db->getMessage() == $code or
			* $code is an integer and $db->getCode() == $code
			*
			* @return bool true if parameter is an error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			static function isError($data, $code = null)
			{
			if ($data instanceof MDB2_Error) {
			if (null === $code) {
			return true;
			}
			if (is_string($code)) {
			return $data->getMessage() === $code;
			}
			return in_array($data->getCode(), (array)$code);
			}
			return false;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isConnection($value)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 connection
			*
			* @param mixed value to test
			*
			* @return bool whether $value is a MDB2 connection
			* @access public
			*/
			function isConnection($value)
			{
			return ($value instanceof MDB2_Driver_Common);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isResult($value)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 result
			*
			* @param mixed $value value to test
			*
			* @return bool whether $value is a MDB2 result
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function isResult($value)
			{
			return ($value instanceof MDB2_Result);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isResultCommon($value)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 result implementing the common interface
			*
			* @param mixed $value value to test
			*
			* @return bool whether $value is a MDB2 result implementing the common interface
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			static function isResultCommon($value)
			{
			return ($value instanceof MDB2_Result_Common);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function isStatement($value)

			/**
			* Tell whether a value is a MDB2 statement interface
			*
			* @param mixed value to test
			*
			* @return bool whether $value is a MDB2 statement interface
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function isStatement($value)
			{
			return ($value instanceof MDB2_Statement_Common);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function errorMessage($value = null)

			/**
			* Return a textual error message for a MDB2 error code
			*
			* @param int\|array integer error code,
			null to get the current error code-message map,
			or an array with a new error code-message map
			*
			* @return string error message, or false if the error code was
			* not recognized
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function errorMessage($value = null)
			{
			static $errorMessages;

			if (is_array($value)) {
			$errorMessages = $value;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			if (!isset($errorMessages)) {
			$errorMessages = array(
			MDB2_OK => 'no error',
			MDB2_ERROR => 'unknown error',
			MDB2_ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS => 'already exists',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_CREATE => 'can not create',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_ALTER => 'can not alter',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_REPLACE => 'can not replace',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_DELETE => 'can not delete',
			MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_DROP => 'can not drop',
			MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT => 'constraint violation',
			MDB2_ERROR_CONSTRAINT_NOT_NULL=> 'null value violates not-null constraint',
			MDB2_ERROR_DIVZERO => 'division by zero',
			MDB2_ERROR_INVALID => 'invalid',
			MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_DATE => 'invalid date or time',
			MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_NUMBER => 'invalid number',
			MDB2_ERROR_MISMATCH => 'mismatch',
			MDB2_ERROR_NODBSELECTED => 'no database selected',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHFIELD => 'no such field',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHTABLE => 'no such table',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOT_CAPABLE => 'MDB2 backend not capable',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND => 'not found',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOT_LOCKED => 'not locked',
			MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX => 'syntax error',
			MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED => 'not supported',
			MDB2_ERROR_VALUE_COUNT_ON_ROW => 'value count on row',
			MDB2_ERROR_INVALID_DSN => 'invalid DSN',
			MDB2_ERROR_CONNECT_FAILED => 'connect failed',
			MDB2_ERROR_NEED_MORE_DATA => 'insufficient data supplied',
			MDB2_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_FOUND=> 'extension not found',
			MDB2_ERROR_NOSUCHDB => 'no such database',
			MDB2_ERROR_ACCESS_VIOLATION => 'insufficient permissions',
			MDB2_ERROR_LOADMODULE => 'error while including on demand module',
			MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED => 'truncated',
			MDB2_ERROR_DEADLOCK => 'deadlock detected',
			MDB2_ERROR_NO_PERMISSION => 'no permission',
			MDB2_ERROR_DISCONNECT_FAILED => 'disconnect failed',
			);
			}

			if (null === $value) {
			return $errorMessages;
			}

			if (PEAR::isError($value)) {
			$value = $value->getCode();
			}

			return isset($errorMessages[$value]) ?
			$errorMessages[$value] : $errorMessages[MDB2_ERROR];
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function parseDSN($dsn)

			/**
			* Parse a data source name.
			*
			* Additional keys can be added by appending a URI query string to the
			* end of the DSN.
			*
			* The format of the supplied DSN is in its fullest form:
			* <code>
			* phptype(dbsyntax)://username:password@protocol+hostspec/database?option=8&another=true
			* </code>
			*
			* Most variations are allowed:
			* <code>
			* phptype://username:password@protocol+hostspec:110//usr/db_file.db?mode=0644
			* phptype://username:password@hostspec/database_name
			* phptype://username:password@hostspec
			* phptype://username@hostspec
			* phptype://hostspec/database
			* phptype://hostspec
			* phptype(dbsyntax)
			* phptype
			* </code>
			*
			* @param string Data Source Name to be parsed
			*
			* @return array an associative array with the following keys:
			* + phptype: Database backend used in PHP (mysql, odbc etc.)
			* + dbsyntax: Database used with regards to SQL syntax etc.
			* + protocol: Communication protocol to use (tcp, unix etc.)
			* + hostspec: Host specification (hostname[:port])
			* + database: Database to use on the DBMS server
			* + username: User name for login
			* + password: Password for login
			*
			* @access public
			* @author Tomas V.V.Cox <cox@idecnet.com>
			*/
			static function parseDSN($dsn)
			{
			$parsed = $GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'];

			if (is_array($dsn)) {
			$dsn = array_merge($parsed, $dsn);
			if (!$dsn['dbsyntax']) {
			$dsn['dbsyntax'] = $dsn['phptype'];
			}
			return $dsn;
			}

			// Find phptype and dbsyntax
			if (($pos = strpos($dsn, '://')) !== false) {
			$str = substr($dsn, 0, $pos);
			$dsn = substr($dsn, $pos + 3);
			} else {
			$str = $dsn;
			$dsn = null;
			}

			// Get phptype and dbsyntax
			// $str => phptype(dbsyntax)
			if (preg_match('\|^(.+?)$(.*?)$$\|', $str, $arr)) {
			$parsed['phptype'] = $arr[1];
			$parsed['dbsyntax'] = !$arr[2] ? $arr[1] : $arr[2];
			} else {
			$parsed['phptype'] = $str;
			$parsed['dbsyntax'] = $str;
			}

			if (!count($dsn)) {
			return $parsed;
			}

			// Get (if found): username and password
			// $dsn => username:password@protocol+hostspec/database
			if (($at = strrpos($dsn,'@')) !== false) {
			$str = substr($dsn, 0, $at);
			$dsn = substr($dsn, $at + 1);
			if (($pos = strpos($str, ':')) !== false) {
			$parsed['username'] = rawurldecode(substr($str, 0, $pos));
			$parsed['password'] = rawurldecode(substr($str, $pos + 1));
			} else {
			$parsed['username'] = rawurldecode($str);
			}
			}

			// Find protocol and hostspec

			// $dsn => proto(proto_opts)/database
			if (preg_match('\|^([^(]+)$(.?)$/?(.?)$\|', $dsn, $match)) {
			$proto = $match[1];
			$proto_opts = $match[2] ? $match[2] : false;
			$dsn = $match[3];

			// $dsn => protocol+hostspec/database (old format)
			} else {
			if (strpos($dsn, '+') !== false) {
			list($proto, $dsn) = explode('+', $dsn, 2);
			}
			if ( strpos($dsn, '//') === 0
			&& strpos($dsn, '/', 2) !== false
			&& $parsed['phptype'] == 'oci8'
			) {
			//oracle's "Easy Connect" syntax:
			//"username/password@[//]host[:port][/service_name]"
			//e.g. "scott/tiger@//mymachine:1521/oracle"
			$proto_opts = $dsn;
			$pos = strrpos($proto_opts, '/');
			$dsn = substr($proto_opts, $pos + 1);
			$proto_opts = substr($proto_opts, 0, $pos);
			} elseif (strpos($dsn, '/') !== false) {
			list($proto_opts, $dsn) = explode('/', $dsn, 2);
			} else {
			$proto_opts = $dsn;
			$dsn = null;
			}
			}

			// process the different protocol options
			$parsed['protocol'] = (!empty($proto)) ? $proto : 'tcp';
			$proto_opts = rawurldecode($proto_opts);
			if (strpos($proto_opts, ':') !== false) {
			list($proto_opts, $parsed['port']) = explode(':', $proto_opts);
			}
			if ($parsed['protocol'] == 'tcp') {
			$parsed['hostspec'] = $proto_opts;
			} elseif ($parsed['protocol'] == 'unix') {
			$parsed['socket'] = $proto_opts;
			}

			// Get dabase if any
			// $dsn => database
			if ($dsn) {
			// /database
			if (($pos = strpos($dsn, '?')) === false) {
			$parsed['database'] = $dsn;
			// /database?param1=value1&param2=value2
			} else {
			$parsed['database'] = substr($dsn, 0, $pos);
			$dsn = substr($dsn, $pos + 1);
			if (strpos($dsn, '&') !== false) {
			$opts = explode('&', $dsn);
			} else { // database?param1=value1
			$opts = array($dsn);
			}
			foreach ($opts as $opt) {
			list($key, $value) = explode('=', $opt);
			if (!array_key_exists($key, $parsed) \|\| false === $parsed[$key]) {
			// don't allow params overwrite
			$parsed[$key] = rawurldecode($value);
			}
			}
			}
			}

			return $parsed;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function fileExists($file)

			/**
			* Checks if a file exists in the include path
			*
			* @param string filename
			*
			* @return bool true success and false on error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			static function fileExists($file)
			{
			// safe_mode does notwork with is_readable()
			if (!@ini_get('safe_mode')) {
			$dirs = explode(PATH_SEPARATOR, ini_get('include_path'));
			foreach ($dirs as $dir) {
			if (is_readable($dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $file)) {
			return true;
			}
			}
			} else {
			$fp = @fopen($file, 'r', true);
			if (is_resource($fp)) {
			@fclose($fp);
			return true;
			}
			}
			return false;
			}
			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Error extends PEAR_Error

			/**
			* MDB2_Error implements a class for reporting portable database error
			* messages.
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Stig Bakken <ssb@fast.no>
			*/
			class MDB2_Error extends PEAR_Error
			{
			// {{{ constructor: function MDB2_Error($code = MDB2_ERROR, $mode = PEAR_ERROR_RETURN, $level = E_USER_NOTICE, $debuginfo = null)

			/**
			* MDB2_Error constructor.
			*
			* @param mixed MDB2 error code, or string with error message.
			* @param int what 'error mode' to operate in
			* @param int what error level to use for $mode & PEAR_ERROR_TRIGGER
			* @param mixed additional debug info, such as the last query
			*/
			function __construct($code = MDB2_ERROR, $mode = PEAR_ERROR_RETURN,
			$level = E_USER_NOTICE, $debuginfo = null, $dummy = null)
			{
			if (null === $code) {
			$code = MDB2_ERROR;
			}
			$this->PEAR_Error('MDB2 Error: '.MDB2::errorMessage($code), $code,
			$mode, $level, $debuginfo);
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Driver_Common extends PEAR

			/**
			* MDB2_Driver_Common: Base class that is extended by each MDB2 driver
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Driver_Common extends PEAR
			{
			// {{{ Variables (Properties)

			/**
			* index of the MDB2 object within the $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'] array
			* @var int
			* @access public
			*/
			var $db_index = 0;

			/**
			* DSN used for the next query
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $dsn = array();

			/**
			* DSN that was used to create the current connection
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $connected_dsn = array();

			/**
			* connection resource
			* @var mixed
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $connection = 0;

			/**
			* if the current opened connection is a persistent connection
			* @var bool
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $opened_persistent;

			/**
			* the name of the database for the next query
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $database_name = '';

			/**
			* the name of the database currently selected
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $connected_database_name = '';

			/**
			* server version information
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $connected_server_info = '';

			/**
			* list of all supported features of the given driver
			* @var array
			* @access public
			*/
			var $supported = array(
			'sequences' => false,
			'indexes' => false,
			'affected_rows' => false,
			'summary_functions' => false,
			'order_by_text' => false,
			'transactions' => false,
			'savepoints' => false,
			'current_id' => false,
			'limit_queries' => false,
			'LOBs' => false,
			'replace' => false,
			'sub_selects' => false,
			'triggers' => false,
			'auto_increment' => false,
			'primary_key' => false,
			'result_introspection' => false,
			'prepared_statements' => false,
			'identifier_quoting' => false,
			'pattern_escaping' => false,
			'new_link' => false,
			);

			/**
			* Array of supported options that can be passed to the MDB2 instance.
			*
			* The options can be set during object creation, using
			* MDB2::connect(), MDB2::factory() or MDB2::singleton(). The options can
			* also be set after the object is created, using MDB2::setOptions() or
			* MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption().
			* The list of available option includes:
			* <ul>
			* <li>$options['ssl'] -> boolean: determines if ssl should be used for connections</li>
			* <li>$options['field_case'] -> CASE_LOWER\|CASE_UPPER: determines what case to force on field/table names</li>
			* <li>$options['disable_query'] -> boolean: determines if queries should be executed</li>
			* <li>$options['result_class'] -> string: class used for result sets</li>
			* <li>$options['buffered_result_class'] -> string: class used for buffered result sets</li>
			* <li>$options['result_wrap_class'] -> string: class used to wrap result sets into</li>
			* <li>$options['result_buffering'] -> boolean should results be buffered or not?</li>
			* <li>$options['fetch_class'] -> string: class to use when fetch mode object is used</li>
			* <li>$options['persistent'] -> boolean: persistent connection?</li>
			* <li>$options['debug'] -> integer: numeric debug level</li>
			* <li>$options['debug_handler'] -> string: function/method that captures debug messages</li>
			* <li>$options['debug_expanded_output'] -> bool: BC option to determine if more context information should be send to the debug handler</li>
			* <li>$options['default_text_field_length'] -> integer: default text field length to use</li>
			* <li>$options['lob_buffer_length'] -> integer: LOB buffer length</li>
			* <li>$options['log_line_break'] -> string: line-break format</li>
			* <li>$options['idxname_format'] -> string: pattern for index name</li>
			* <li>$options['seqname_format'] -> string: pattern for sequence name</li>
			* <li>$options['savepoint_format'] -> string: pattern for auto generated savepoint names</li>
			* <li>$options['statement_format'] -> string: pattern for prepared statement names</li>
			* <li>$options['seqcol_name'] -> string: sequence column name</li>
			* <li>$options['quote_identifier'] -> boolean: if identifier quoting should be done when check_option is used</li>
			* <li>$options['use_transactions'] -> boolean: if transaction use should be enabled</li>
			* <li>$options['decimal_places'] -> integer: number of decimal places to handle</li>
			* <li>$options['portability'] -> integer: portability constant</li>
			* <li>$options['modules'] -> array: short to long module name mapping for __call()</li>
			* <li>$options['emulate_prepared'] -> boolean: force prepared statements to be emulated</li>
			* <li>$options['datatype_map'] -> array: map user defined datatypes to other primitive datatypes</li>
			* <li>$options['datatype_map_callback'] -> array: callback function/method that should be called</li>
			* <li>$options['bindname_format'] -> string: regular expression pattern for named parameters</li>
			* <li>$options['multi_query'] -> boolean: determines if queries returning multiple result sets should be executed</li>
			* <li>$options['max_identifiers_length'] -> integer: max identifier length</li>
			* <li>$options['default_fk_action_onupdate'] -> string: default FOREIGN KEY ON UPDATE action ['RESTRICT'\|'NO ACTION'\|'SET DEFAULT'\|'SET NULL'\|'CASCADE']</li>
			* <li>$options['default_fk_action_ondelete'] -> string: default FOREIGN KEY ON DELETE action ['RESTRICT'\|'NO ACTION'\|'SET DEFAULT'\|'SET NULL'\|'CASCADE']</li>
			* </ul>
			*
			* @var array
			* @access public
			* @see MDB2::connect()
			* @see MDB2::factory()
			* @see MDB2::singleton()
			* @see MDB2_Driver_Common::setOption()
			*/
			var $options = array(
			'ssl' => false,
			'field_case' => CASE_LOWER,
			'disable_query' => false,
			'result_class' => 'MDB2_Result_%s',
			'buffered_result_class' => 'MDB2_BufferedResult_%s',
			'result_wrap_class' => false,
			'result_buffering' => true,
			'fetch_class' => 'stdClass',
			'persistent' => false,
			'debug' => 0,
			'debug_handler' => 'MDB2_defaultDebugOutput',
			'debug_expanded_output' => false,
			'default_text_field_length' => 4096,
			'lob_buffer_length' => 8192,
			'log_line_break' => "\n",
			'idxname_format' => '%s_idx',
			'seqname_format' => '%s_seq',
			'savepoint_format' => 'MDB2_SAVEPOINT_%s',
			'statement_format' => 'MDB2_STATEMENT_%1$s_%2$s',
			'seqcol_name' => 'sequence',
			'quote_identifier' => false,
			'use_transactions' => true,
			'decimal_places' => 2,
			'portability' => MDB2_PORTABILITY_ALL,
			'modules' => array(
			'ex' => 'Extended',
			'dt' => 'Datatype',
			'mg' => 'Manager',
			'rv' => 'Reverse',
			'na' => 'Native',
			'fc' => 'Function',
			),
			'emulate_prepared' => false,
			'datatype_map' => array(),
			'datatype_map_callback' => array(),
			'nativetype_map_callback' => array(),
			'lob_allow_url_include' => false,
			'bindname_format' => '(?:\d+)\|(?:[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)',
			'max_identifiers_length' => 30,
			'default_fk_action_onupdate' => 'RESTRICT',
			'default_fk_action_ondelete' => 'RESTRICT',
			);

			/**
			* string array
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $string_quoting = array('start' => "'", 'end' => "'", 'escape' => false, 'escape_pattern' => false);

			/**
			* identifier quoting
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $identifier_quoting = array('start' => '"', 'end' => '"', 'escape' => '"');

			/**
			* sql comments
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $sql_comments = array(
			array('start' => '--', 'end' => "\n", 'escape' => false),
			array('start' => '/', 'end' => '/', 'escape' => false),
			);

			/**
			* comparision wildcards
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $wildcards = array('%', '_');

			/**
			* column alias keyword
			* @var string
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $as_keyword = ' AS ';

			/**
			* warnings
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $warnings = array();

			/**
			* string with the debugging information
			* @var string
			* @access public
			*/
			var $debug_output = '';

			/**
			* determine if there is an open transaction
			* @var bool
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $in_transaction = false;

			/**
			* the smart transaction nesting depth
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $nested_transaction_counter = null;

			/**
			* the first error that occured inside a nested transaction
			* @var MDB2_Error\|bool
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $has_transaction_error = false;

			/**
			* result offset used in the next query
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $offset = 0;

			/**
			* result limit used in the next query
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $limit = 0;

			/**
			* Database backend used in PHP (mysql, odbc etc.)
			* @var string
			* @access public
			*/
			var $phptype;

			/**
			* Database used with regards to SQL syntax etc.
			* @var string
			* @access public
			*/
			var $dbsyntax;

			/**
			* the last query sent to the driver
			* @var string
			* @access public
			*/
			var $last_query;

			/**
			* the default fetchmode used
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED;

			/**
			* array of module instances
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $modules = array();

			/**
			* determines of the PHP4 destructor emulation has been enabled yet
			* @var array
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $destructor_registered = true;

			// }}}
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct()

			/**
			* Constructor
			*/
			function __construct()
			{
			end($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']);
			$db_index = key($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']) + 1;
			$GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$db_index] = &$this;
			$this->db_index = $db_index;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ destructor: function __destruct()

			/**
			* Destructor
			*/
			function __destruct()
			{
			$this->disconnect(false);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function free()

			/**
			* Free the internal references so that the instance can be destroyed
			*
			* @return bool true on success, false if result is invalid
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function free()
			{
			unset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$this->db_index]);
			unset($this->db_index);
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function __toString()

			/**
			* String conversation
			*
			* @return string representation of the object
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function __toString()
			{
			$info = get_class($this);
			$info.= ': (phptype = '.$this->phptype.', dbsyntax = '.$this->dbsyntax.')';
			if ($this->connection) {
			$info.= ' [connected]';
			}
			return $info;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function errorInfo($error = null)

			/**
			* This method is used to collect information about an error
			*
			* @param mixed error code or resource
			*
			* @return array with MDB2 errorcode, native error code, native message
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function errorInfo($error = null)
			{
			return array($error, null, null);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &raiseError($code = null, $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)

			/**
			* This method is used to communicate an error and invoke error
			* callbacks etc. Basically a wrapper for PEAR::raiseError
			* without the message string.
			*
			* @param mixed $code integer error code, or a PEAR error object (all
			* other parameters are ignored if this parameter is
			* an object
			* @param int $mode error mode, see PEAR_Error docs
			* @param mixed $options If error mode is PEAR_ERROR_TRIGGER, this is the
			* error level (E_USER_NOTICE etc). If error mode is
			* PEAR_ERROR_CALLBACK, this is the callback function,
			* either as a function name, or as an array of an
			* object and method name. For other error modes this
			* parameter is ignored.
			* @param string $userinfo Extra debug information. Defaults to the last
			* query and native error code.
			* @param string $method name of the method that triggered the error
			* @param string $dummy1 not used
			* @param bool $dummy2 not used
			*
			* @return PEAR_Error instance of a PEAR Error object
			* @access public
			* @see PEAR_Error
			*/
			function &raiseError($code = null,
			$mode = null,
			$options = null,
			$userinfo = null,
			$method = null,
			$dummy1 = null,
			$dummy2 = false
			) {
			$userinfo = "[Error message: $userinfo]\n";
			// The error is yet a MDB2 error object
			if (PEAR::isError($code)) {
			// because we use the static PEAR::raiseError, our global
			// handler should be used if it is set
			if ((null === $mode) && !empty($this->_default_error_mode)) {
			$mode = $this->_default_error_mode;
			$options = $this->_default_error_options;
			}
			if (null === $userinfo) {
			$userinfo = $code->getUserinfo();
			}
			$code = $code->getCode();
			} elseif ($code == MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND) {
			// extension not loaded: don't call $this->errorInfo() or the script
			// will die
			} elseif (isset($this->connection)) {
			if (!empty($this->last_query)) {
			$userinfo.= "[Last executed query: {$this->last_query}]\n";
			}
			$native_errno = $native_msg = null;
			list($code, $native_errno, $native_msg) = $this->errorInfo($code);
			if ((null !== $native_errno) && $native_errno !== '') {
			$userinfo.= "[Native code: $native_errno]\n";
			}
			if ((null !== $native_msg) && $native_msg !== '') {
			$userinfo.= "[Native message: ". strip_tags($native_msg) ."]\n";
			}
			if (null !== $method) {
			$userinfo = $method.': '.$userinfo;
			}
			}

			$err = PEAR::raiseError(null, $code, $mode, $options, $userinfo, 'MDB2_Error', true);
			if ($err->getMode() !== PEAR_ERROR_RETURN
			&& isset($this->nested_transaction_counter) && !$this->has_transaction_error) {
			$this->has_transaction_error = $err;
			}
			return $err;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function resetWarnings()

			/**
			* reset the warning array
			*
			* @return void
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function resetWarnings()
			{
			$this->warnings = array();
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getWarnings()

			/**
			* Get all warnings in reverse order.
			* This means that the last warning is the first element in the array
			*
			* @return array with warnings
			*
			* @access public
			* @see resetWarnings()
			*/
			function getWarnings()
			{
			return array_reverse($this->warnings);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setFetchMode($fetchmode, $object_class = 'stdClass')

			/**
			* Sets which fetch mode should be used by default on queries
			* on this connection
			*
			* @param int MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED, MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC
			* or MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT
			* @param string the class name of the object to be returned
			* by the fetch methods when the
			* MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT mode is selected.
			* If no class is specified by default a cast
			* to object from the assoc array row will be
			* done. There is also the possibility to use
			* and extend the 'MDB2_row' class.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or MDB2 Error Object
			*
			* @access public
			* @see MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED, MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC, MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT
			*/
			function setFetchMode($fetchmode, $object_class = 'stdClass')
			{
			switch ($fetchmode) {
			case MDB2_FETCHMODE_OBJECT:
			$this->options['fetch_class'] = $object_class;
			case MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED:
			case MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC:
			$this->fetchmode = $fetchmode;
			break;
			default:
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'invalid fetchmode mode', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setOption($option, $value)

			/**
			* set the option for the db class
			*
			* @param string option name
			* @param mixed value for the option
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or MDB2 Error Object
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setOption($option, $value)
			{
			if (array_key_exists($option, $this->options)) {
			$this->options[$option] = $value;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			"unknown option $option", __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getOption($option)

			/**
			* Returns the value of an option
			*
			* @param string option name
			*
			* @return mixed the option value or error object
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getOption($option)
			{
			if (array_key_exists($option, $this->options)) {
			return $this->options[$option];
			}
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			"unknown option $option", __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function debug($message, $scope = '', $is_manip = null)

			/**
			* set a debug message
			*
			* @param string message that should be appended to the debug variable
			* @param string usually the method name that triggered the debug call:
			* for example 'query', 'prepare', 'execute', 'parameters',
			* 'beginTransaction', 'commit', 'rollback'
			* @param array contains context information about the debug() call
			* common keys are: is_manip, time, result etc.
			*
			* @return void
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function debug($message, $scope = '', $context = array())
			{
			if ($this->options['debug'] && $this->options['debug_handler']) {
			if (!$this->options['debug_expanded_output']) {
			if (!empty($context['when']) && $context['when'] !== 'pre') {
			return null;
			}
			$context = empty($context['is_manip']) ? false : $context['is_manip'];
			}
			return call_user_func_array($this->options['debug_handler'], array(&$this, $scope, $message, $context));
			}
			return null;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getDebugOutput()

			/**
			* output debug info
			*
			* @return string content of the debug_output class variable
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getDebugOutput()
			{
			return $this->debug_output;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function escape($text)

			/**
			* Quotes a string so it can be safely used in a query. It will quote
			* the text so it can safely be used within a query.
			*
			* @param string the input string to quote
			* @param bool escape wildcards
			*
			* @return string quoted string
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function escape($text, $escape_wildcards = false)
			{
			if ($escape_wildcards) {
			$text = $this->escapePattern($text);
			}

			$text = str_replace($this->string_quoting['end'], $this->string_quoting['escape'] . $this->string_quoting['end'], $text);
			return $text;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function escapePattern($text)

			/**
			* Quotes pattern (% and _) characters in a string)
			*
			* @param string the input string to quote
			*
			* @return string quoted string
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function escapePattern($text)
			{
			if ($this->string_quoting['escape_pattern']) {
			$text = str_replace($this->string_quoting['escape_pattern'], $this->string_quoting['escape_pattern'] . $this->string_quoting['escape_pattern'], $text);
			foreach ($this->wildcards as $wildcard) {
			$text = str_replace($wildcard, $this->string_quoting['escape_pattern'] . $wildcard, $text);
			}
			}
			return $text;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function quoteIdentifier($str, $check_option = false)

			/**
			* Quote a string so it can be safely used as a table or column name
			*
			* Delimiting style depends on which database driver is being used.
			*
			* NOTE: just because you CAN use delimited identifiers doesn't mean
			* you SHOULD use them. In general, they end up causing way more
			* problems than they solve.
			*
			* NOTE: if you have table names containing periods, don't use this method
			* (@see bug #11906)
			*
			* Portability is broken by using the following characters inside
			* delimited identifiers:
			* + backtick (<kbd>`</kbd>) -- due to MySQL
			* + double quote (<kbd>"</kbd>) -- due to Oracle
			* + brackets (<kbd>[</kbd> or <kbd>]</kbd>) -- due to Access
			*
			* Delimited identifiers are known to generally work correctly under
			* the following drivers:
			* + mssql
			* + mysql
			* + mysqli
			* + oci8
			* + pgsql
			* + sqlite
			*
			* InterBase doesn't seem to be able to use delimited identifiers
			* via PHP 4. They work fine under PHP 5.
			*
			* @param string identifier name to be quoted
			* @param bool check the 'quote_identifier' option
			*
			* @return string quoted identifier string
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function quoteIdentifier($str, $check_option = false)
			{
			if ($check_option && !$this->options['quote_identifier']) {
			return $str;
			}
			$str = str_replace($this->identifier_quoting['end'], $this->identifier_quoting['escape'] . $this->identifier_quoting['end'], $str);
			$parts = explode('.', $str);
			foreach (array_keys($parts) as $k) {
			$parts[$k] = $this->identifier_quoting['start'] . $parts[$k] . $this->identifier_quoting['end'];
			}
			return implode('.', $parts);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getAsKeyword()

			/**
			* Gets the string to alias column
			*
			* @return string to use when aliasing a column
			*/
			function getAsKeyword()
			{
			return $this->as_keyword;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getConnection()

			/**
			* Returns a native connection
			*
			* @return mixed a valid MDB2 connection object,
			* or a MDB2 error object on error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getConnection()
			{
			$result = $this->connect();
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			return $this->connection;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _fixResultArrayValues(&$row, $mode)

			/**
			* Do all necessary conversions on result arrays to fix DBMS quirks
			*
			* @param array the array to be fixed (passed by reference)
			* @param array bit-wise addition of the required portability modes
			*
			* @return void
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function _fixResultArrayValues(&$row, $mode)
			{
			switch ($mode) {
			case MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL:
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if ($value === '') {
			$row[$key] = null;
			}
			}
			break;
			case MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM:
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if (is_string($value)) {
			$row[$key] = rtrim($value);
			}
			}
			break;
			case MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES:
			$tmp_row = array();
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			$tmp_row[preg_replace('/^(?:.*\.)?([^.]+)$/', '\\1', $key)] = $value;
			}
			$row = $tmp_row;
			break;
			case (MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM + MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL):
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if ($value === '') {
			$row[$key] = null;
			} elseif (is_string($value)) {
			$row[$key] = rtrim($value);
			}
			}
			break;
			case (MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM + MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES):
			$tmp_row = array();
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if (is_string($value)) {
			$value = rtrim($value);
			}
			$tmp_row[preg_replace('/^(?:.*\.)?([^.]+)$/', '\\1', $key)] = $value;
			}
			$row = $tmp_row;
			break;
			case (MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL + MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES):
			$tmp_row = array();
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if ($value === '') {
			$value = null;
			}
			$tmp_row[preg_replace('/^(?:.*\.)?([^.]+)$/', '\\1', $key)] = $value;
			}
			$row = $tmp_row;
			break;
			case (MDB2_PORTABILITY_RTRIM + MDB2_PORTABILITY_EMPTY_TO_NULL + MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_ASSOC_FIELD_NAMES):
			$tmp_row = array();
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			if ($value === '') {
			$value = null;
			} elseif (is_string($value)) {
			$value = rtrim($value);
			}
			$tmp_row[preg_replace('/^(?:.*\.)?([^.]+)$/', '\\1', $key)] = $value;
			}
			$row = $tmp_row;
			break;
			}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function loadModule($module, $property = null, $phptype_specific = null)

			/**
			* loads a module
			*
			* @param string name of the module that should be loaded
			* (only used for error messages)
			* @param string name of the property into which the class will be loaded
			* @param bool if the class to load for the module is specific to the
			* phptype
			*
			* @return object on success a reference to the given module is returned
			* and on failure a PEAR error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function loadModule($module, $property = null, $phptype_specific = null)
			{
			if (!$property) {
			$property = strtolower($module);
			}

			if (!isset($this->{$property})) {
			$version = $phptype_specific;
			if ($phptype_specific !== false) {
			$version = true;
			$class_name = 'MDB2_Driver_'.$module.'_'.$this->phptype;
			$file_name = str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $class_name).'.php';
			}
			if ($phptype_specific === false
			\|\| (!MDB2::classExists($class_name) && !MDB2::fileExists($file_name))
			) {
			$version = false;
			$class_name = 'MDB2_'.$module;
			$file_name = str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $class_name).'.php';
			}

			$err = MDB2::loadClass($class_name, $this->getOption('debug'));
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}

			// load module in a specific version
			if ($version) {
			if (method_exists($class_name, 'getClassName')) {
			$class_name_new = call_user_func(array($class_name, 'getClassName'), $this->db_index);
			if ($class_name != $class_name_new) {
			$class_name = $class_name_new;
			$err = MDB2::loadClass($class_name, $this->getOption('debug'));
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}
			}
			}
			}

			if (!MDB2::classExists($class_name)) {
			$err = $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_LOADMODULE, null, null,
			"unable to load module '$module' into property '$property'", __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			$this->{$property} = new $class_name($this->db_index);
			$this->modules[$module] = $this->{$property};
			if ($version) {
			// this will be used in the connect method to determine if the module
			// needs to be loaded with a different version if the server
			// version changed in between connects
			$this->loaded_version_modules[] = $property;
			}
			}

			return $this->{$property};
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function __call($method, $params)

			/**
			* Calls a module method using the __call magic method
			*
			* @param string Method name.
			* @param array Arguments.
			*
			* @return mixed Returned value.
			*/
			function __call($method, $params)
			{
			$module = null;
			if (preg_match('/^([a-z]+)([A-Z])(.*)$/', $method, $match)
			&& isset($this->options['modules'][$match[1]])
			) {
			$module = $this->options['modules'][$match[1]];
			$method = strtolower($match[2]).$match[3];
			if (!isset($this->modules[$module]) \|\| !is_object($this->modules[$module])) {
			$result = $this->loadModule($module);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			}
			} else {
			foreach ($this->modules as $key => $foo) {
			if (is_object($this->modules[$key])
			&& method_exists($this->modules[$key], $method)
			) {
			$module = $key;
			break;
			}
			}
			}
			if (null !== $module) {
			return call_user_func_array(array(&$this->modules[$module], $method), $params);
			}
			trigger_error(sprintf('Call to undefined function: %s::%s().', get_class($this), $method), E_USER_ERROR);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function beginTransaction($savepoint = null)

			/**
			* Start a transaction or set a savepoint.
			*
			* @param string name of a savepoint to set
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function beginTransaction($savepoint = null)
			{
			$this->debug('Starting transaction', __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => true, 'savepoint' => $savepoint));
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'transactions are not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function commit($savepoint = null)

			/**
			* Commit the database changes done during a transaction that is in
			* progress or release a savepoint. This function may only be called when
			* auto-committing is disabled, otherwise it will fail. Therefore, a new
			* transaction is implicitly started after committing the pending changes.
			*
			* @param string name of a savepoint to release
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function commit($savepoint = null)
			{
			$this->debug('Committing transaction/savepoint', __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => true, 'savepoint' => $savepoint));
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'commiting transactions is not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function rollback($savepoint = null)

			/**
			* Cancel any database changes done during a transaction or since a specific
			* savepoint that is in progress. This function may only be called when
			* auto-committing is disabled, otherwise it will fail. Therefore, a new
			* transaction is implicitly started after canceling the pending changes.
			*
			* @param string name of a savepoint to rollback to
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function rollback($savepoint = null)
			{
			$this->debug('Rolling back transaction/savepoint', __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => true, 'savepoint' => $savepoint));
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'rolling back transactions is not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function inTransaction($ignore_nested = false)

			/**
			* If a transaction is currently open.
			*
			* @param bool if the nested transaction count should be ignored
			* @return int\|bool - an integer with the nesting depth is returned if a
			* nested transaction is open
			* - true is returned for a normal open transaction
			* - false is returned if no transaction is open
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function inTransaction($ignore_nested = false)
			{
			if (!$ignore_nested && isset($this->nested_transaction_counter)) {
			return $this->nested_transaction_counter;
			}
			return $this->in_transaction;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setTransactionIsolation($isolation)

			/**
			* Set the transacton isolation level.
			*
			* @param string standard isolation level
			* READ UNCOMMITTED (allows dirty reads)
			* READ COMMITTED (prevents dirty reads)
			* REPEATABLE READ (prevents nonrepeatable reads)
			* SERIALIZABLE (prevents phantom reads)
			* @param array some transaction options:
			* 'wait' => 'WAIT' \| 'NO WAIT'
			* 'rw' => 'READ WRITE' \| 'READ ONLY'
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function setTransactionIsolation($isolation, $options = array())
			{
			$this->debug('Setting transaction isolation level', __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => true));
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'isolation level setting is not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function beginNestedTransaction($savepoint = false)

			/**
			* Start a nested transaction.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success/savepoint name, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function beginNestedTransaction()
			{
			if ($this->in_transaction) {
			++$this->nested_transaction_counter;
			$savepoint = sprintf($this->options['savepoint_format'], $this->nested_transaction_counter);
			if ($this->supports('savepoints') && $savepoint) {
			return $this->beginTransaction($savepoint);
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}
			$this->has_transaction_error = false;
			$result = $this->beginTransaction();
			$this->nested_transaction_counter = 1;
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function completeNestedTransaction($force_rollback = false, $release = false)

			/**
			* Finish a nested transaction by rolling back if an error occured or
			* committing otherwise.
			*
			* @param bool if the transaction should be rolled back regardless
			* even if no error was set within the nested transaction
			* @return mixed MDB_OK on commit/counter decrementing, false on rollback
			* and a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function completeNestedTransaction($force_rollback = false)
			{
			if ($this->nested_transaction_counter > 1) {
			$savepoint = sprintf($this->options['savepoint_format'], $this->nested_transaction_counter);
			if ($this->supports('savepoints') && $savepoint) {
			if ($force_rollback \|\| $this->has_transaction_error) {
			$result = $this->rollback($savepoint);
			if (!PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$result = false;
			$this->has_transaction_error = false;
			}
			} else {
			$result = $this->commit($savepoint);
			}
			} else {
			$result = MDB2_OK;
			}
			--$this->nested_transaction_counter;
			return $result;
			}

			$this->nested_transaction_counter = null;
			$result = MDB2_OK;

			// transaction has not yet been rolled back
			if ($this->in_transaction) {
			if ($force_rollback \|\| $this->has_transaction_error) {
			$result = $this->rollback();
			if (!PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$result = false;
			}
			} else {
			$result = $this->commit();
			}
			}
			$this->has_transaction_error = false;
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function failNestedTransaction($error = null, $immediately = false)

			/**
			* Force setting nested transaction to failed.
			*
			* @param mixed value to return in getNestededTransactionError()
			* @param bool if the transaction should be rolled back immediately
			* @return bool MDB2_OK
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function failNestedTransaction($error = null, $immediately = false)
			{
			if (null !== $error) {
			$error = $this->has_transaction_error ? $this->has_transaction_error : true;
			} elseif (!$error) {
			$error = true;
			}
			$this->has_transaction_error = $error;
			if (!$immediately) {
			return MDB2_OK;
			}
			return $this->rollback();
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getNestedTransactionError()

			/**
			* The first error that occured since the transaction start.
			*
			* @return MDB2_Error\|bool MDB2 error object if an error occured or false.
			*
			* @access public
			* @since 2.1.1
			*/
			function getNestedTransactionError()
			{
			return $this->has_transaction_error;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ connect()

			/**
			* Connect to the database
			*
			* @return true on success, MDB2 Error Object on failure
			*/
			function connect()
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ databaseExists()

			/**
			* check if given database name is exists?
			*
			* @param string $name name of the database that should be checked
			*
			* @return mixed true/false on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			* @access public
			*/
			function databaseExists($name)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ setCharset($charset, $connection = null)

			/**
			* Set the charset on the current connection
			*
			* @param string charset
			* @param resource connection handle
			*
			* @return true on success, MDB2 Error Object on failure
			*/
			function setCharset($charset, $connection = null)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function disconnect($force = true)

			/**
			* Log out and disconnect from the database.
			*
			* @param boolean $force whether the disconnect should be forced even if the
			* connection is opened persistently
			*
			* @return mixed true on success, false if not connected and error object on error
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function disconnect($force = true)
			{
			$this->connection = 0;
			$this->connected_dsn = array();
			$this->connected_database_name = '';
			$this->opened_persistent = null;
			$this->connected_server_info = '';
			$this->in_transaction = null;
			$this->nested_transaction_counter = null;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setDatabase($name)

			/**
			* Select a different database
			*
			* @param string name of the database that should be selected
			*
			* @return string name of the database previously connected to
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setDatabase($name)
			{
			$previous_database_name = (isset($this->database_name)) ? $this->database_name : '';
			$this->database_name = $name;
			if (!empty($this->connected_database_name) && ($this->connected_database_name != $this->database_name)) {
			$this->disconnect(false);
			}
			return $previous_database_name;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getDatabase()

			/**
			* Get the current database
			*
			* @return string name of the database
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getDatabase()
			{
			return $this->database_name;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setDSN($dsn)

			/**
			* set the DSN
			*
			* @param mixed DSN string or array
			*
			* @return MDB2_OK
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setDSN($dsn)
			{
			$dsn_default = $GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'];
			$dsn = MDB2::parseDSN($dsn);
			if (array_key_exists('database', $dsn)) {
			$this->database_name = $dsn['database'];
			unset($dsn['database']);
			}
			$this->dsn = array_merge($dsn_default, $dsn);
			return $this->disconnect(false);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getDSN($type = 'string', $hidepw = false)

			/**
			* return the DSN as a string
			*
			* @param string format to return ("array", "string")
			* @param string string to hide the password with
			*
			* @return mixed DSN in the chosen type
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getDSN($type = 'string', $hidepw = false)
			{
			$dsn = array_merge($GLOBALS['_MDB2_dsninfo_default'], $this->dsn);
			$dsn['phptype'] = $this->phptype;
			$dsn['database'] = $this->database_name;
			if ($hidepw) {
			$dsn['password'] = $hidepw;
			}
			switch ($type) {
			// expand to include all possible options
			case 'string':
			$dsn = $dsn['phptype'].
			($dsn['dbsyntax'] ? ('('.$dsn['dbsyntax'].')') : '').
			'://'.$dsn['username'].':'.
			$dsn['password'].'@'.$dsn['hostspec'].
			($dsn['port'] ? (':'.$dsn['port']) : '').
			'/'.$dsn['database'];
			break;
			case 'array':
			default:
			break;
			}
			return $dsn;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ _isNewLinkSet()

			/**
			* Check if the 'new_link' option is set
			*
			* @return boolean
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function _isNewLinkSet()
			{
			return (isset($this->dsn['new_link'])
			&& ($this->dsn['new_link'] === true
			\|\| (is_string($this->dsn['new_link']) && preg_match('/^true$/i', $this->dsn['new_link']))
			\|\| (is_numeric($this->dsn['new_link']) && 0 != (int)$this->dsn['new_link'])
			)
			);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &standaloneQuery($query, $types = null, $is_manip = false)

			/**
			* execute a query as database administrator
			*
			* @param string the SQL query
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the columns in
			* the result set
			* @param bool if the query is a manipulation query
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function standaloneQuery($query, $types = null, $is_manip = false)
			{
			$offset = $this->offset;
			$limit = $this->limit;
			$this->offset = $this->limit = 0;
			$query = $this->_modifyQuery($query, $is_manip, $limit, $offset);

			$connection = $this->getConnection();
			if (PEAR::isError($connection)) {
			return $connection;
			}

			$result = $this->_doQuery($query, $is_manip, $connection, false);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			if ($is_manip) {
			$affected_rows = $this->_affectedRows($connection, $result);
			return $affected_rows;
			}
			$result = $this->_wrapResult($result, $types, true, false, $limit, $offset);
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _modifyQuery($query, $is_manip, $limit, $offset)

			/**
			* Changes a query string for various DBMS specific reasons
			*
			* @param string query to modify
			* @param bool if it is a DML query
			* @param int limit the number of rows
			* @param int start reading from given offset
			*
			* @return string modified query
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function _modifyQuery($query, $is_manip, $limit, $offset)
			{
			return $query;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &_doQuery($query, $is_manip = false, $connection = null, $database_name = null)

			/**
			* Execute a query
			* @param string query
			* @param bool if the query is a manipulation query
			* @param resource connection handle
			* @param string database name
			*
			* @return result or error object
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function _doQuery($query, $is_manip = false, $connection = null, $database_name = null)
			{
			$this->last_query = $query;
			$result = $this->debug($query, 'query', array('is_manip' => $is_manip, 'when' => 'pre'));
			if ($result) {
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			$query = $result;
			}
			$err = $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _affectedRows($connection, $result = null)

			/**
			* Returns the number of rows affected
			*
			* @param resource result handle
			* @param resource connection handle
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or the number of rows affected
			*
			* @access private
			*/
			function _affectedRows($connection, $result = null)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &exec($query)

			/**
			* Execute a manipulation query to the database and return the number of affected rows
			*
			* @param string the SQL query
			*
			* @return mixed number of affected rows on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function exec($query)
			{
			$offset = $this->offset;
			$limit = $this->limit;
			$this->offset = $this->limit = 0;
			$query = $this->_modifyQuery($query, true, $limit, $offset);

			$connection = $this->getConnection();
			if (PEAR::isError($connection)) {
			return $connection;
			}

			$result = $this->_doQuery($query, true, $connection, $this->database_name);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$affectedRows = $this->_affectedRows($connection, $result);
			return $affectedRows;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &query($query, $types = null, $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)

			/**
			* Send a query to the database and return any results
			*
			* @param string the SQL query
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the columns in
			* the result set
			* @param mixed string which specifies which result class to use
			* @param mixed string which specifies which class to wrap results in
			*
			* @return mixed an MDB2_Result handle on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function query($query, $types = null, $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)
			{
			$offset = $this->offset;
			$limit = $this->limit;
			$this->offset = $this->limit = 0;
			$query = $this->_modifyQuery($query, false, $limit, $offset);

			$connection = $this->getConnection();
			if (PEAR::isError($connection)) {
			return $connection;
			}

			$result = $this->_doQuery($query, false, $connection, $this->database_name);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$result = $this->_wrapResult($result, $types, $result_class, $result_wrap_class, $limit, $offset);
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _wrapResult($result_resource, $types = array(), $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)

			/**
			* wrap a result set into the correct class
			*
			* @param resource result handle
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the columns in
			* the result set
			* @param mixed string which specifies which result class to use
			* @param mixed string which specifies which class to wrap results in
			* @param string number of rows to select
			* @param string first row to select
			*
			* @return mixed an MDB2_Result, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function _wrapResult($result_resource, $types = array(), $result_class = true,
			$result_wrap_class = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)
			{
			if ($types === true) {
			if ($this->supports('result_introspection')) {
			$this->loadModule('Reverse', null, true);
			$tableInfo = $this->reverse->tableInfo($result_resource);
			if (PEAR::isError($tableInfo)) {
			return $tableInfo;
			}
			$types = array();
			foreach ($tableInfo as $field) {
			$types[] = $field['mdb2type'];
			}
			} else {
			$types = null;
			}
			}

			if ($result_class === true) {
			$result_class = $this->options['result_buffering']
			? $this->options['buffered_result_class'] : $this->options['result_class'];
			}

			if ($result_class) {
			$class_name = sprintf($result_class, $this->phptype);
			if (!MDB2::classExists($class_name)) {
			$err = $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'result class does not exist '.$class_name, __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			$result = new $class_name($this, $result_resource, $limit, $offset);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			$err = $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'result class is not extended from MDB2_Result_Common', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			if (!empty($types)) {
			$err = $result->setResultTypes($types);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			$result->free();
			return $err;
			}
			}
			}
			if ($result_wrap_class === true) {
			$result_wrap_class = $this->options['result_wrap_class'];
			}
			if ($result_wrap_class) {
			if (!MDB2::classExists($result_wrap_class)) {
			$err = $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'result wrap class does not exist '.$result_wrap_class, __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			$result = new $result_wrap_class($result_resource, $this->fetchmode);
			}
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getServerVersion($native = false)

			/**
			* return version information about the server
			*
			* @param bool determines if the raw version string should be returned
			*
			* @return mixed array with version information or row string
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getServerVersion($native = false)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setLimit($limit, $offset = null)

			/**
			* set the range of the next query
			*
			* @param string number of rows to select
			* @param string first row to select
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setLimit($limit, $offset = null)
			{
			if (!$this->supports('limit_queries')) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'limit is not supported by this driver', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$limit = (int)$limit;
			if ($limit < 0) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX, null, null,
			'it was not specified a valid selected range row limit', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$this->limit = $limit;
			if (null !== $offset) {
			$offset = (int)$offset;
			if ($offset < 0) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX, null, null,
			'it was not specified a valid first selected range row', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$this->offset = $offset;
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function subSelect($query, $type = false)

			/**
			* simple subselect emulation: leaves the query untouched for all RDBMS
			* that support subselects
			*
			* @param string the SQL query for the subselect that may only
			* return a column
			* @param string determines type of the field
			*
			* @return string the query
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function subSelect($query, $type = false)
			{
			if ($this->supports('sub_selects') === true) {
			return $query;
			}

			if (!$this->supports('sub_selects')) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			$col = $this->queryCol($query, $type);
			if (PEAR::isError($col)) {
			return $col;
			}
			if (!is_array($col) \|\| count($col) == 0) {
			return 'NULL';
			}
			if ($type) {
			$this->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			return $this->datatype->implodeArray($col, $type);
			}
			return implode(', ', $col);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function replace($table, $fields)

			/**
			* Execute a SQL REPLACE query. A REPLACE query is identical to a INSERT
			* query, except that if there is already a row in the table with the same
			* key field values, the old row is deleted before the new row is inserted.
			*
			* The REPLACE type of query does not make part of the SQL standards. Since
			* practically only MySQL and SQLite implement it natively, this type of
			* query isemulated through this method for other DBMS using standard types
			* of queries inside a transaction to assure the atomicity of the operation.
			*
			* @param string name of the table on which the REPLACE query will
			* be executed.
			* @param array associative array that describes the fields and the
			* values that will be inserted or updated in the specified table. The
			* indexes of the array are the names of all the fields of the table.
			* The values of the array are also associative arrays that describe
			* the values and other properties of the table fields.
			*
			* Here follows a list of field properties that need to be specified:
			*
			* value
			* Value to be assigned to the specified field. This value may be
			* of specified in database independent type format as this
			* function can perform the necessary datatype conversions.
			*
			* Default: this property is required unless the Null property is
			* set to 1.
			*
			* type
			* Name of the type of the field. Currently, all types MDB2
			* are supported except for clob and blob.
			*
			* Default: no type conversion
			*
			* null
			* bool property that indicates that the value for this field
			* should be set to null.
			*
			* The default value for fields missing in INSERT queries may be
			* specified the definition of a table. Often, the default value
			* is already null, but since the REPLACE may be emulated using
			* an UPDATE query, make sure that all fields of the table are
			* listed in this function argument array.
			*
			* Default: 0
			*
			* key
			* bool property that indicates that this field should be
			* handled as a primary key or at least as part of the compound
			* unique index of the table that will determine the row that will
			* updated if it exists or inserted a new row otherwise.
			*
			* This function will fail if no key field is specified or if the
			* value of a key field is set to null because fields that are
			* part of unique index they may not be null.
			*
			* Default: 0
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function replace($table, $fields)
			{
			if (!$this->supports('replace')) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'replace query is not supported', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$count = count($fields);
			$condition = $values = array();
			for ($colnum = 0, reset($fields); $colnum < $count; next($fields), $colnum++) {
			$name = key($fields);
			if (isset($fields[$name]['null']) && $fields[$name]['null']) {
			$value = 'NULL';
			} else {
			$type = isset($fields[$name]['type']) ? $fields[$name]['type'] : null;
			$value = $this->quote($fields[$name]['value'], $type);
			}
			$values[$name] = $value;
			if (isset($fields[$name]['key']) && $fields[$name]['key']) {
			if ($value === 'NULL') {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_REPLACE, null, null,
			'key value '.$name.' may not be NULL', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$condition[] = $this->quoteIdentifier($name, true) . '=' . $value;
			}
			}
			if (empty($condition)) {
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_CANNOT_REPLACE, null, null,
			'not specified which fields are keys', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			$result = null;
			$in_transaction = $this->in_transaction;
			if (!$in_transaction && PEAR::isError($result = $this->beginTransaction())) {
			return $result;
			}

			$connection = $this->getConnection();
			if (PEAR::isError($connection)) {
			return $connection;
			}

			$condition = ' WHERE '.implode(' AND ', $condition);
			$query = 'DELETE FROM ' . $this->quoteIdentifier($table, true) . $condition;
			$result = $this->_doQuery($query, true, $connection);
			if (!PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$affected_rows = $this->_affectedRows($connection, $result);
			$insert = '';
			foreach ($values as $key => $value) {
			$insert .= ($insert?', ':'') . $this->quoteIdentifier($key, true);
			}
			$values = implode(', ', $values);
			$query = 'INSERT INTO '. $this->quoteIdentifier($table, true) . "($insert) VALUES ($values)";
			$result = $this->_doQuery($query, true, $connection);
			if (!PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$affected_rows += $this->_affectedRows($connection, $result);;
			}
			}

			if (!$in_transaction) {
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			$this->rollback();
			} else {
			$result = $this->commit();
			}
			}

			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			return $affected_rows;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &prepare($query, $types = null, $result_types = null, $lobs = array())

			/**
			* Prepares a query for multiple execution with execute().
			* With some database backends, this is emulated.
			* prepare() requires a generic query as string like
			* 'INSERT INTO numbers VALUES(?,?)' or
			* 'INSERT INTO numbers VALUES(:foo,:bar)'.
			* The ? and :name and are placeholders which can be set using
			* bindParam() and the query can be sent off using the execute() method.
			* The allowed format for :name can be set with the 'bindname_format' option.
			*
			* @param string the query to prepare
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the placeholders
			* @param mixed array that contains the types of the columns in
			* the result set or MDB2_PREPARE_RESULT, if set to
			* MDB2_PREPARE_MANIP the query is handled as a manipulation query
			* @param mixed key (field) value (parameter) pair for all lob placeholders
			*
			* @return mixed resource handle for the prepared query on success,
			* a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @see bindParam, execute
			*/
			function prepare($query, $types = null, $result_types = null, $lobs = array())
			{
			$is_manip = ($result_types === MDB2_PREPARE_MANIP);
			$offset = $this->offset;
			$limit = $this->limit;
			$this->offset = $this->limit = 0;
			$result = $this->debug($query, __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => $is_manip, 'when' => 'pre'));
			if ($result) {
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			$query = $result;
			}
			$placeholder_type_guess = $placeholder_type = null;
			$question = '?';
			$colon = ':';
			$positions = array();
			$position = 0;
			while ($position < strlen($query)) {
			$q_position = strpos($query, $question, $position);
			$c_position = strpos($query, $colon, $position);
			if ($q_position && $c_position) {
			$p_position = min($q_position, $c_position);
			} elseif ($q_position) {
			$p_position = $q_position;
			} elseif ($c_position) {
			$p_position = $c_position;
			} else {
			break;
			}
			if (null === $placeholder_type) {
			$placeholder_type_guess = $query[$p_position];
			}

			$new_pos = $this->_skipDelimitedStrings($query, $position, $p_position);
			if (PEAR::isError($new_pos)) {
			return $new_pos;
			}
			if ($new_pos != $position) {
			$position = $new_pos;
			continue; //evaluate again starting from the new position
			}

			if ($query[$position] == $placeholder_type_guess) {
			if (null === $placeholder_type) {
			$placeholder_type = $query[$p_position];
			$question = $colon = $placeholder_type;
			if (!empty($types) && is_array($types)) {
			if ($placeholder_type == ':') {
			if (is_int(key($types))) {
			$types_tmp = $types;
			$types = array();
			$count = -1;
			}
			} else {
			$types = array_values($types);
			}
			}
			}
			if ($placeholder_type == ':') {
			$regexp = '/^.{'.($position+1).'}('.$this->options['bindname_format'].').*$/s';
			$parameter = preg_replace($regexp, '\\1', $query);
			if ($parameter === '') {
			$err = $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX, null, null,
			'named parameter name must match "bindname_format" option', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			$positions[$p_position] = $parameter;
			$query = substr_replace($query, '?', $position, strlen($parameter)+1);
			// use parameter name in type array
			if (isset($count) && isset($types_tmp[++$count])) {
			$types[$parameter] = $types_tmp[$count];
			}
			} else {
			$positions[$p_position] = count($positions);
			}
			$position = $p_position + 1;
			} else {
			$position = $p_position;
			}
			}
			$class_name = 'MDB2_Statement_'.$this->phptype;
			$statement = null;
			$obj = new $class_name($this, $statement, $positions, $query, $types, $result_types, $is_manip, $limit, $offset);
			$this->debug($query, __FUNCTION__, array('is_manip' => $is_manip, 'when' => 'post', 'result' => $obj));
			return $obj;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _skipDelimitedStrings($query, $position, $p_position)

			/**
			* Utility method, used by prepare() to avoid replacing placeholders within delimited strings.
			* Check if the placeholder is contained within a delimited string.
			* If so, skip it and advance the position, otherwise return the current position,
			* which is valid
			*
			* @param string $query
			* @param integer $position current string cursor position
			* @param integer $p_position placeholder position
			*
			* @return mixed integer $new_position on success
			* MDB2_Error on failure
			*
			* @access protected
			*/
			function _skipDelimitedStrings($query, $position, $p_position)
			{
			$ignores = array();
			$ignores[] = $this->string_quoting;
			$ignores[] = $this->identifier_quoting;
			$ignores = array_merge($ignores, $this->sql_comments);

			foreach ($ignores as $ignore) {
			if (!empty($ignore['start'])) {
			if (is_int($start_quote = strpos($query, $ignore['start'], $position)) && $start_quote < $p_position) {
			$end_quote = $start_quote;
			do {
			if (!is_int($end_quote = strpos($query, $ignore['end'], $end_quote + 1))) {
			if ($ignore['end'] === "\n") {
			$end_quote = strlen($query) - 1;
			} else {
			$err = $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_SYNTAX, null, null,
			'query with an unterminated text string specified', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}
			}
			} while ($ignore['escape']
			&& $end_quote-1 != $start_quote
			&& $query[($end_quote - 1)] == $ignore['escape']
			&& ( $ignore['escape_pattern'] !== $ignore['escape']
			\|\| $query[($end_quote - 2)] != $ignore['escape'])
			);

			$position = $end_quote + 1;
			return $position;
			}
			}
			}
			return $position;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function quote($value, $type = null, $quote = true)

			/**
			* Convert a text value into a DBMS specific format that is suitable to
			* compose query statements.
			*
			* @param string text string value that is intended to be converted.
			* @param string type to which the value should be converted to
			* @param bool quote
			* @param bool escape wildcards
			*
			* @return string text string that represents the given argument value in
			* a DBMS specific format.
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function quote($value, $type = null, $quote = true, $escape_wildcards = false)
			{
			$result = $this->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			return $this->datatype->quote($value, $type, $quote, $escape_wildcards);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getDeclaration($type, $name, $field)

			/**
			* Obtain DBMS specific SQL code portion needed to declare
			* of the given type
			*
			* @param string type to which the value should be converted to
			* @param string name the field to be declared.
			* @param string definition of the field
			*
			* @return string DBMS specific SQL code portion that should be used to
			* declare the specified field.
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getDeclaration($type, $name, $field)
			{
			$result = $this->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			return $this->datatype->getDeclaration($type, $name, $field);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function compareDefinition($current, $previous)

			/**
			* Obtain an array of changes that may need to applied
			*
			* @param array new definition
			* @param array old definition
			*
			* @return array containing all changes that will need to be applied
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function compareDefinition($current, $previous)
			{
			$result = $this->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			return $this->datatype->compareDefinition($current, $previous);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function supports($feature)

			/**
			* Tell whether a DB implementation or its backend extension
			* supports a given feature.
			*
			* @param string name of the feature (see the MDB2 class doc)
			*
			* @return bool\|string if this DB implementation supports a given feature
			* false means no, true means native,
			* 'emulated' means emulated
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function supports($feature)
			{
			if (array_key_exists($feature, $this->supported)) {
			return $this->supported[$feature];
			}
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			"unknown support feature $feature", __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getSequenceName($sqn)

			/**
			* adds sequence name formatting to a sequence name
			*
			* @param string name of the sequence
			*
			* @return string formatted sequence name
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getSequenceName($sqn)
			{
			return sprintf($this->options['seqname_format'],
			preg_replace('/[^a-z0-9_\-\$.]/i', '_', $sqn));
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getIndexName($idx)

			/**
			* adds index name formatting to a index name
			*
			* @param string name of the index
			*
			* @return string formatted index name
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getIndexName($idx)
			{
			return sprintf($this->options['idxname_format'],
			preg_replace('/[^a-z0-9_\-\$.]/i', '_', $idx));
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function nextID($seq_name, $ondemand = true)

			/**
			* Returns the next free id of a sequence
			*
			* @param string name of the sequence
			* @param bool when true missing sequences are automatic created
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or id
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function nextID($seq_name, $ondemand = true)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function lastInsertID($table = null, $field = null)

			/**
			* Returns the autoincrement ID if supported or $id or fetches the current
			* ID in a sequence called: $table.(empty($field) ? '' : '_'.$field)
			*
			* @param string name of the table into which a new row was inserted
			* @param string name of the field into which a new row was inserted
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or id
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function lastInsertID($table = null, $field = null)
			{
			return $this->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function currID($seq_name)

			/**
			* Returns the current id of a sequence
			*
			* @param string name of the sequence
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or id
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function currID($seq_name)
			{
			$this->warnings[] = 'database does not support getting current
			sequence value, the sequence value was incremented';
			return $this->nextID($seq_name);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function queryOne($query, $type = null, $colnum = 0)

			/**
			* Execute the specified query, fetch the value from the first column of
			* the first row of the result set and then frees
			* the result set.
			*
			* @param string $query the SELECT query statement to be executed.
			* @param string $type optional argument that specifies the expected
			* datatype of the result set field, so that an eventual
			* conversion may be performed. The default datatype is
			* text, meaning that no conversion is performed
			* @param mixed $colnum the column number (or name) to fetch
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or field value on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function queryOne($query, $type = null, $colnum = 0)
			{
			$result = $this->query($query, $type);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$one = $result->fetchOne($colnum);
			$result->free();
			return $one;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function queryRow($query, $types = null, $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT)

			/**
			* Execute the specified query, fetch the values from the first
			* row of the result set into an array and then frees
			* the result set.
			*
			* @param string the SELECT query statement to be executed.
			* @param array optional array argument that specifies a list of
			* expected datatypes of the result set columns, so that the eventual
			* conversions may be performed. The default list of datatypes is
			* empty, meaning that no conversion is performed.
			* @param int how the array data should be indexed
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function queryRow($query, $types = null, $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT)
			{
			$result = $this->query($query, $types);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$row = $result->fetchRow($fetchmode);
			$result->free();
			return $row;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function queryCol($query, $type = null, $colnum = 0)

			/**
			* Execute the specified query, fetch the value from the first column of
			* each row of the result set into an array and then frees the result set.
			*
			* @param string $query the SELECT query statement to be executed.
			* @param string $type optional argument that specifies the expected
			* datatype of the result set field, so that an eventual
			* conversion may be performed. The default datatype is text,
			* meaning that no conversion is performed
			* @param mixed $colnum the column number (or name) to fetch
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			* @access public
			*/
			function queryCol($query, $type = null, $colnum = 0)
			{
			$result = $this->query($query, $type);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$col = $result->fetchCol($colnum);
			$result->free();
			return $col;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function queryAll($query, $types = null, $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rekey = false, $force_array = false, $group = false)

			/**
			* Execute the specified query, fetch all the rows of the result set into
			* a two dimensional array and then frees the result set.
			*
			* @param string the SELECT query statement to be executed.
			* @param array optional array argument that specifies a list of
			* expected datatypes of the result set columns, so that the eventual
			* conversions may be performed. The default list of datatypes is
			* empty, meaning that no conversion is performed.
			* @param int how the array data should be indexed
			* @param bool if set to true, the $all will have the first
			* column as its first dimension
			* @param bool used only when the query returns exactly
			* two columns. If true, the values of the returned array will be
			* one-element arrays instead of scalars.
			* @param bool if true, the values of the returned array is
			* wrapped in another array. If the same key value (in the first
			* column) repeats itself, the values will be appended to this array
			* instead of overwriting the existing values.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK or data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function queryAll($query, $types = null, $fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT,
			$rekey = false, $force_array = false, $group = false)
			{
			$result = $this->query($query, $types);
			if (!MDB2::isResultCommon($result)) {
			return $result;
			}

			$all = $result->fetchAll($fetchmode, $rekey, $force_array, $group);
			$result->free();
			return $all;
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Result

			/**
			* The dummy class that all user space result classes should extend from
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Result
			{
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Result_Common extends MDB2_Result

			/**
			* The common result class for MDB2 result objects
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Result_Common extends MDB2_Result
			{
			// {{{ Variables (Properties)

			var $db;
			var $result;
			var $rownum = -1;
			var $types = array();
			var $values = array();
			var $offset;
			var $offset_count = 0;
			var $limit;
			var $column_names;

			// }}}
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct($db, &$result, $limit = 0, $offset = 0)

			/**
			* Constructor
			*/
			function __construct($db, &$result, $limit = 0, $offset = 0)
			{
			$this->db = $db;
			$this->result = $result;
			$this->offset = $offset;
			$this->limit = max(0, $limit - 1);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function setResultTypes($types)

			/**
			* Define the list of types to be associated with the columns of a given
			* result set.
			*
			* This function may be called before invoking fetchRow(), fetchOne(),
			* fetchCol() and fetchAll() so that the necessary data type
			* conversions are performed on the data to be retrieved by them. If this
			* function is not called, the type of all result set columns is assumed
			* to be text, thus leading to not perform any conversions.
			*
			* @param array variable that lists the
			* data types to be expected in the result set columns. If this array
			* contains less types than the number of columns that are returned
			* in the result set, the remaining columns are assumed to be of the
			* type text. Currently, the types clob and blob are not fully
			* supported.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function setResultTypes($types)
			{
			$load = $this->db->loadModule('Datatype', null, true);
			if (PEAR::isError($load)) {
			return $load;
			}
			$types = $this->db->datatype->checkResultTypes($types);
			if (PEAR::isError($types)) {
			return $types;
			}
			$this->types = $types;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function seek($rownum = 0)

			/**
			* Seek to a specific row in a result set
			*
			* @param int number of the row where the data can be found
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function seek($rownum = 0)
			{
			$target_rownum = $rownum - 1;
			if ($this->rownum > $target_rownum) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'seeking to previous rows not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			while ($this->rownum < $target_rownum) {
			$this->fetchRow();
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &fetchRow($fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rownum = null)

			/**
			* Fetch and return a row of data
			*
			* @param int how the array data should be indexed
			* @param int number of the row where the data can be found
			*
			* @return int data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function fetchRow($fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rownum = null)
			{
			$err = $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			return $err;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function fetchOne($colnum = 0)

			/**
			* fetch single column from the next row from a result set
			*
			* @param int\|string the column number (or name) to fetch
			* @param int number of the row where the data can be found
			*
			* @return string data on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			* @access public
			*/
			function fetchOne($colnum = 0, $rownum = null)
			{
			$fetchmode = is_numeric($colnum) ? MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED : MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC;
			$row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode, $rownum);
			if (!is_array($row) \|\| PEAR::isError($row)) {
			return $row;
			}
			if (!array_key_exists($colnum, $row)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED, null, null,
			'column is not defined in the result set: '.$colnum, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			return $row[$colnum];
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function fetchCol($colnum = 0)

			/**
			* Fetch and return a column from the current row pointer position
			*
			* @param int\|string the column number (or name) to fetch
			*
			* @return mixed data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			* @access public
			*/
			function fetchCol($colnum = 0)
			{
			$column = array();
			$fetchmode = is_numeric($colnum) ? MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED : MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC;
			$row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode);
			if (is_array($row)) {
			if (!array_key_exists($colnum, $row)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED, null, null,
			'column is not defined in the result set: '.$colnum, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			do {
			$column[] = $row[$colnum];
			} while (is_array($row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode)));
			}
			if (PEAR::isError($row)) {
			return $row;
			}
			return $column;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function fetchAll($fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rekey = false, $force_array = false, $group = false)

			/**
			* Fetch and return all rows from the current row pointer position
			*
			* @param int $fetchmode the fetch mode to use:
			* + MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED
			* + MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC
			* + MDB2_FETCHMODE_ORDERED \| MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED
			* + MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC \| MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED
			* @param bool if set to true, the $all will have the first
			* column as its first dimension
			* @param bool used only when the query returns exactly
			* two columns. If true, the values of the returned array will be
			* one-element arrays instead of scalars.
			* @param bool if true, the values of the returned array is
			* wrapped in another array. If the same key value (in the first
			* column) repeats itself, the values will be appended to this array
			* instead of overwriting the existing values.
			*
			* @return mixed data array on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @see getAssoc()
			*/
			function fetchAll($fetchmode = MDB2_FETCHMODE_DEFAULT, $rekey = false,
			$force_array = false, $group = false)
			{
			$all = array();
			$row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode);
			if (PEAR::isError($row)) {
			return $row;
			} elseif (!$row) {
			return $all;
			}

			$shift_array = $rekey ? false : null;
			if (null !== $shift_array) {
			if (is_object($row)) {
			$colnum = count(get_object_vars($row));
			} else {
			$colnum = count($row);
			}
			if ($colnum < 2) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_TRUNCATED, null, null,
			'rekey feature requires atleast 2 column', __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$shift_array = (!$force_array && $colnum == 2);
			}

			if ($rekey) {
			do {
			if (is_object($row)) {
			$arr = get_object_vars($row);
			$key = reset($arr);
			unset($row->{$key});
			} else {
			if ($fetchmode & MDB2_FETCHMODE_ASSOC) {
			$key = reset($row);
			unset($row[key($row)]);
			} else {
			$key = array_shift($row);
			}
			if ($shift_array) {
			$row = array_shift($row);
			}
			}
			if ($group) {
			$all[$key][] = $row;
			} else {
			$all[$key] = $row;
			}
			} while (($row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode)));
			} elseif ($fetchmode & MDB2_FETCHMODE_FLIPPED) {
			do {
			foreach ($row as $key => $val) {
			$all[$key][] = $val;
			}
			} while (($row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode)));
			} else {
			do {
			$all[] = $row;
			} while (($row = $this->fetchRow($fetchmode)));
			}

			return $all;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function rowCount()
			/**
			* Returns the actual row number that was last fetched (count from 0)
			* @return int
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function rowCount()
			{
			return $this->rownum + 1;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function numRows()

			/**
			* Returns the number of rows in a result object
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2 Error Object or the number of rows
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function numRows()
			{
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function nextResult()

			/**
			* Move the internal result pointer to the next available result
			*
			* @return true on success, false if there is no more result set or an error object on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function nextResult()
			{
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getColumnNames()

			/**
			* Retrieve the names of columns returned by the DBMS in a query result or
			* from the cache.
			*
			* @param bool If set to true the values are the column names,
			* otherwise the names of the columns are the keys.
			* @return mixed Array variable that holds the names of columns or an
			* MDB2 error on failure.
			* Some DBMS may not return any columns when the result set
			* does not contain any rows.
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getColumnNames($flip = false)
			{
			if (!isset($this->column_names)) {
			$result = $this->_getColumnNames();
			if (PEAR::isError($result)) {
			return $result;
			}
			$this->column_names = $result;
			}
			if ($flip) {
			return array_flip($this->column_names);
			}
			return $this->column_names;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _getColumnNames()

			/**
			* Retrieve the names of columns returned by the DBMS in a query result.
			*
			* @return mixed Array variable that holds the names of columns as keys
			* or an MDB2 error on failure.
			* Some DBMS may not return any columns when the result set
			* does not contain any rows.
			*
			* @access private
			*/
			function _getColumnNames()
			{
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function numCols()

			/**
			* Count the number of columns returned by the DBMS in a query result.
			*
			* @return mixed integer value with the number of columns, a MDB2 error
			* on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function numCols()
			{
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, null, null,
			'method not implemented', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getResource()

			/**
			* return the resource associated with the result object
			*
			* @return resource
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getResource()
			{
			return $this->result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindColumn($column, &$value, $type = null)

			/**
			* Set bind variable to a column.
			*
			* @param int column number or name
			* @param mixed variable reference
			* @param string specifies the type of the field
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function bindColumn($column, &$value, $type = null)
			{
			if (!is_numeric($column)) {
			$column_names = $this->getColumnNames();
			if ($this->db->options['portability'] & MDB2_PORTABILITY_FIX_CASE) {
			if ($this->db->options['field_case'] == CASE_LOWER) {
			$column = strtolower($column);
			} else {
			$column = strtoupper($column);
			}
			}
			$column = $column_names[$column];
			}
			$this->values[$column] =& $value;
			if (null !== $type) {
			$this->types[$column] = $type;
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _assignBindColumns($row)

			/**
			* Bind a variable to a value in the result row.
			*
			* @param array row data
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access private
			*/
			function _assignBindColumns($row)
			{
			$row = array_values($row);
			foreach ($row as $column => $value) {
			if (array_key_exists($column, $this->values)) {
			$this->values[$column] = $value;
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function free()

			/**
			* Free the internal resources associated with result.
			*
			* @return bool true on success, false if result is invalid
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function free()
			{
			$this->result = false;
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Row

			/**
			* The simple class that accepts row data as an array
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Row
			{
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct(&$row)

			/**
			* constructor
			*
			* @param resource row data as array
			*/
			function __construct(&$row)
			{
			foreach ($row as $key => $value) {
			$this->$key = &$row[$key];
			}
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Statement_Common

			/**
			* The common statement class for MDB2 statement objects
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Statement_Common
			{
			// {{{ Variables (Properties)

			var $db;
			var $statement;
			var $query;
			var $result_types;
			var $types;
			var $values = array();
			var $limit;
			var $offset;
			var $is_manip;

			// }}}
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct($db, $statement, $positions, $query, $types, $result_types, $is_manip = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)

			/**
			* Constructor
			*/
			function __construct($db, $statement, $positions, $query, $types, $result_types, $is_manip = false, $limit = null, $offset = null)
			{
			$this->db = $db;
			$this->statement = $statement;
			$this->positions = $positions;
			$this->query = $query;
			$this->types = (array)$types;
			$this->result_types = (array)$result_types;
			$this->limit = $limit;
			$this->is_manip = $is_manip;
			$this->offset = $offset;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindValue($parameter, &$value, $type = null)

			/**
			* Set the value of a parameter of a prepared query.
			*
			* @param int the order number of the parameter in the query
			* statement. The order number of the first parameter is 1.
			* @param mixed value that is meant to be assigned to specified
			* parameter. The type of the value depends on the $type argument.
			* @param string specifies the type of the field
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function bindValue($parameter, $value, $type = null)
			{
			if (!is_numeric($parameter)) {
			$parameter = preg_replace('/^:(.*)$/', '\\1', $parameter);
			}
			if (!in_array($parameter, $this->positions)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'Unable to bind to missing placeholder: '.$parameter, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$this->values[$parameter] = $value;
			if (null !== $type) {
			$this->types[$parameter] = $type;
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindValueArray($values, $types = null)

			/**
			* Set the values of multiple a parameter of a prepared query in bulk.
			*
			* @param array specifies all necessary information
			* for bindValue() the array elements must use keys corresponding to
			* the number of the position of the parameter.
			* @param array specifies the types of the fields
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @see bindParam()
			*/
			function bindValueArray($values, $types = null)
			{
			$types = is_array($types) ? array_values($types) : array_fill(0, count($values), null);
			$parameters = array_keys($values);
			foreach ($parameters as $key => $parameter) {
			$this->db->pushErrorHandling(PEAR_ERROR_RETURN);
			$this->db->expectError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND);
			$err = $this->bindValue($parameter, $values[$parameter], $types[$key]);
			$this->db->popExpect();
			$this->db->popErrorHandling();
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			if ($err->getCode() == MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND) {
			//ignore (extra value for missing placeholder)
			continue;
			}
			return $err;
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindParam($parameter, &$value, $type = null)

			/**
			* Bind a variable to a parameter of a prepared query.
			*
			* @param int the order number of the parameter in the query
			* statement. The order number of the first parameter is 1.
			* @param mixed variable that is meant to be bound to specified
			* parameter. The type of the value depends on the $type argument.
			* @param string specifies the type of the field
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function bindParam($parameter, &$value, $type = null)
			{
			if (!is_numeric($parameter)) {
			$parameter = preg_replace('/^:(.*)$/', '\\1', $parameter);
			}
			if (!in_array($parameter, $this->positions)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'Unable to bind to missing placeholder: '.$parameter, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$this->values[$parameter] =& $value;
			if (null !== $type) {
			$this->types[$parameter] = $type;
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function bindParamArray(&$values, $types = null)

			/**
			* Bind the variables of multiple a parameter of a prepared query in bulk.
			*
			* @param array specifies all necessary information
			* for bindParam() the array elements must use keys corresponding to
			* the number of the position of the parameter.
			* @param array specifies the types of the fields
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			* @see bindParam()
			*/
			function bindParamArray(&$values, $types = null)
			{
			$types = is_array($types) ? array_values($types) : array_fill(0, count($values), null);
			$parameters = array_keys($values);
			foreach ($parameters as $key => $parameter) {
			$err = $this->bindParam($parameter, $values[$parameter], $types[$key]);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $err;
			}
			}
			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function &execute($values = null, $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)

			/**
			* Execute a prepared query statement.
			*
			* @param array specifies all necessary information
			* for bindParam() the array elements must use keys corresponding
			* to the number of the position of the parameter.
			* @param mixed specifies which result class to use
			* @param mixed specifies which class to wrap results in
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_Result or integer (affected rows) on success,
			* a MDB2 error on failure
			* @access public
			*/
			function execute($values = null, $result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)
			{
			if (null === $this->positions) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR, null, null,
			'Prepared statement has already been freed', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			$values = (array)$values;
			if (!empty($values)) {
			$err = $this->bindValueArray($values);
			if (PEAR::isError($err)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR, null, null,
			'Binding Values failed with message: ' . $err->getMessage(), __FUNCTION__);
			}
			}
			$result = $this->_execute($result_class, $result_wrap_class);
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function _execute($result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)

			/**
			* Execute a prepared query statement helper method.
			*
			* @param mixed specifies which result class to use
			* @param mixed specifies which class to wrap results in
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_Result or integer (affected rows) on success,
			* a MDB2 error on failure
			* @access private
			*/
			function _execute($result_class = true, $result_wrap_class = false)
			{
			$this->last_query = $this->query;
			$query = '';
			$last_position = 0;
			foreach ($this->positions as $current_position => $parameter) {
			if (!array_key_exists($parameter, $this->values)) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'Unable to bind to missing placeholder: '.$parameter, __FUNCTION__);
			}
			$value = $this->values[$parameter];
			$query.= substr($this->query, $last_position, $current_position - $last_position);
			if (!isset($value)) {
			$value_quoted = 'NULL';
			} else {
			$type = !empty($this->types[$parameter]) ? $this->types[$parameter] : null;
			$value_quoted = $this->db->quote($value, $type);
			if (PEAR::isError($value_quoted)) {
			return $value_quoted;
			}
			}
			$query.= $value_quoted;
			$last_position = $current_position + 1;
			}
			$query.= substr($this->query, $last_position);

			$this->db->offset = $this->offset;
			$this->db->limit = $this->limit;
			if ($this->is_manip) {
			$result = $this->db->exec($query);
			} else {
			$result = $this->db->query($query, $this->result_types, $result_class, $result_wrap_class);
			}
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function free()

			/**
			* Release resources allocated for the specified prepared query.
			*
			* @return mixed MDB2_OK on success, a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function free()
			{
			if (null === $this->positions) {
			return $this->db->raiseError(MDB2_ERROR, null, null,
			'Prepared statement has already been freed', __FUNCTION__);
			}

			$this->statement = null;
			$this->positions = null;
			$this->query = null;
			$this->types = null;
			$this->result_types = null;
			$this->limit = null;
			$this->is_manip = null;
			$this->offset = null;
			$this->values = null;

			return MDB2_OK;
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ class MDB2_Module_Common

			/**
			* The common modules class for MDB2 module objects
			*
			* @package MDB2
			* @category Database
			* @author Lukas Smith <smith@pooteeweet.org>
			*/
			class MDB2_Module_Common
			{
			// {{{ Variables (Properties)

			/**
			* contains the key to the global MDB2 instance array of the associated
			* MDB2 instance
			*
			* @var int
			* @access protected
			*/
			var $db_index;

			// }}}
			// {{{ constructor: function __construct($db_index)

			/**
			* Constructor
			*/
			function __construct($db_index)
			{
			$this->db_index = $db_index;
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function getDBInstance()

			/**
			* Get the instance of MDB2 associated with the module instance
			*
			* @return object MDB2 instance or a MDB2 error on failure
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function getDBInstance()
			{
			if (isset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$this->db_index])) {
			$result = $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$this->db_index];
			} else {
			$result = MDB2::raiseError(MDB2_ERROR_NOT_FOUND, null, null,
			'could not find MDB2 instance');
			}
			return $result;
			}

			// }}}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function MDB2_closeOpenTransactions()

			/**
			* Close any open transactions form persistent connections
			*
			* @return void
			*
			* @access public
			*/

			function MDB2_closeOpenTransactions()
			{
			reset($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']);
			while (next($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'])) {
			$key = key($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases']);
			if ($GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$key]->opened_persistent
			&& $GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$key]->in_transaction
			) {
			$GLOBALS['_MDB2_databases'][$key]->rollback();
			}
			}
			}

			// }}}
			// {{{ function MDB2_defaultDebugOutput(&$db, $scope, $message, $is_manip = null)

			/**
			* default debug output handler
			*
			* @param object reference to an MDB2 database object
			* @param string usually the method name that triggered the debug call:
			* for example 'query', 'prepare', 'execute', 'parameters',
			* 'beginTransaction', 'commit', 'rollback'
			* @param string message that should be appended to the debug variable
			* @param array contains context information about the debug() call
			* common keys are: is_manip, time, result etc.
			*
			* @return void\|string optionally return a modified message, this allows
			* rewriting a query before being issued or prepared
			*
			* @access public
			*/
			function MDB2_defaultDebugOutput(&$db, $scope, $message, $context = array())
			{
			$db->debug_output.= $scope.'('.$db->db_index.'): ';
			$db->debug_output.= $message.$db->getOption('log_line_break');
			return $message;
			}

			// }}}
			?>