Add config variable 'proxy_whitelist'

HTTP headers X_FORWARDED_* and X_REAL_IP are only evaluated when
received from an IP listed in proxy_whitelist. Furthermore, only the
last non-trusted IP from X-Forwarded-For is used in place of the real
ip.

Without this, an attacker can easily spoof the headers and control the
result of the ip or ssl check.

This fixes several problems with [3a4c9f42], [4d480b36] and [a520f331] as
mentioned in #1489729.